Optimización del campo lumínico para promover un adecuado ritmo circadiano en centros de trabajo de actividad continuada

Abstract

The circadian rhythms are the daily biological cycles through which humans have adapted to the light and darkness cycles caused by the Earth's rotation. These rhythms are responsible for controlling various functions of the human body, such as body temperature, appetite, hormone secretion, and sleep patterns. Melatonin, a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in our brain and coordinated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus, is the main regulator of this process. Disruption of circadian rhythms can lead to a coordination breakdown in vital functions, resulting in serious health problems, including obesity, diabetes, depression, coronary diseases, or an increased risk of cancer. The circadian rhythm is primarily regulated by perceived light, with natural light being optimal for adjustment due to its dynamic and cyclical nature. However, contemporary lifestyles often involve extended indoor stays where natural light is limited, requiring reliance on static electric lighting. Consequently, this reduced exposure to natural light disrupts circadian rhythms, especially in continuously active workspaces where individuals remain awake and exposed to artificial light during the night. Therefore, the appropriate design of both natural and electric lighting is crucial to ensuring the well-being of individuals exposed to these conditions. At this juncture, the question arises, which this research aims to address: Is it possible to design a system that establishes optimal conditions for natural and electric lighting in continuously active workspaces, promoting a proper circadian rhythm? This thesis hypothesizes that this is possible, and its main objective is to demonstrate it by optimizing the lighting field in such environments, thereby improving the health and comfort conditions of the occupants.