Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity is Associated with Gut Microbiota Diversity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

  1. Juan Corral-Pérez 1
  2. Manuel Costilla 1
  3. Laura Ávila-Cabeza-de-Vaca 1
  4. Andrea González Mariscal 1
  5. Alberto Marín-Galindo 1
  6. Julio Plaza-Diaz 345
  7. Steen Larsen 2
  8. Cristina Casals 1
  9. Jesus G. Ponce-Gonzalez 1
  1. 1 ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Spain.
  2. 2 Xlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark.
  3. 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
  4. 4 Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada., Ottawa, ON, Canada.
  5. 5 Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS. GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Proceedings:
3rd Edition of the International Congress "Exercise, Biomechanics and Nutrition"

Publisher: Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal – Escola Superior de Educação Centro de Investigação em Qualidade de Vida

ISBN: 978-989-35618-8-1

Year of publication: 2024

Pages: 123-124

Type: Conference paper

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Abstract

Introduction. Dysfunctionsin mitochondrial activity can lead to metabolic disturbances,contributing to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Concurrently, gutmicrobiota, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinaltract, has been implicated in metabolic regulation and insulin sensitivity. Emergingevidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between mitochondrial function and gutmicrobiota composition, with alterations in one potentially affecting the other whichmay significantly impact the development and progression of T2DM. Understanding theassociations between them could offer novel therapeutic strategies targeting improvemetabolic health outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the associations betweenmitochondrial function and the gut microbiota in T2DM patients.Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 63 non-insulin dependentoverweight/obese T2DM patients (22 females, mean age 56.32 ± 7.86 years, meanglycosylated haemoglobin 6.9 ± 1.4 %, mean Body Mass Index 33.9 ± 6.9 kg/m2).Mitochondrial function was assessed in permeabilized skeletal muscle fibres from theVastus Lateralis using high-resolution respirometry (Oxygraph 2-k). Complex Irespiratory capacity (CI) was measured by adding pyruvate, malate, and glutamate,followed by ADP and Magnesium. Then, mitochondrial respiratory capacity (CI+II) wasdetermined by adding succinate. Gut microbiota diversity and composition were analyzed through 16S rRNA sequencing of faecal samples. Two alpha-diversity indices (Shannon and inverse Simpson) were calculated using the vegan package in R software. Step-wise linear regression was performed to investigate the association between mitochondrial function and microbiota diversity and composition. Results and Conclusions. The analysis revealed a significant positive associationbetween CI+II and both the Shannon Index (β=0.282, p=0.025) and the inverse Simpson Index (β=0.302, p=0.016). However, no significant associations were found between CI and gut microbiota composition variables. These findings suggest a potential interplay between mitochondrial function and gut microbiota diversity in T2DM patients. Furtherresearch is warranted to elucidate the possible effects of interventions, such as exercise and diet, on these variables and how they affect the pathology of T2DM.Funding: This study was partly funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-110063RA-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) in the EDUGUTION project, and partlyfunded by funded by the implementation of the 2023 Internal Call of the BiomedicalResearch and Innovation Institute of Cádiz - INiBICA (grant number: PP11-007-2023) inthe MITOX project.