Cociente linfocitos T(CD4/CD8) y expresión de moléculas del MHC en el tejido lesional de pacientes con enfermedad periodontal VIH positivo

Abstract

Objetives: The appearance of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has led to changes in periodontal practice, with the appearance of rapidly evolving conditions and poor prognoses. In this sense, as T helper lymphocytes are the target cells of the human únmunodeficiency virus (H!V), certain aspects of the immune mechanisms in volved in the host response to bacteria/ plaque may be considerably affected in such patients. The present study investigates the lymphocyte subpopulations and restriction molecules involved in antigen recognition and cell lysis in lesions among HIV positive and negative patients suffering from periodontal disease. Study design: The study population comprised 32 individuals with periodontal disease ( 12 H!V-positive and 20 HIVnegative) and 28 controls. Oyosections were preparecl of the lesions, and the latter were studied with the phosphatase-antiphosphatase technique using the following monoclonal antibodies: anti-HLA ABC, anti-HLA DRIDP, anti-HLA DQ, anticommon leukocyte antigen, anti-CD4, anti-CDS and anti-CD3. Results: The results obtained showed CD4/CD8 ratio dispersion in the lesions connective tissue to be greater among H!V-infected individuals. The CD4/CD8 ratio wasfound to be significantly higher among HIV-infected patients than in HIV- negative subjects (p<0.01), dueto a corresponding re/ative decrease in CDS (cytotoxic-suppressor) T ce/l cou.nt. On the other hand, a significant relation was recorded between zero or very weak ABC expression in epitheliu.m and highly advanced periodontal involvement.