Dibujar bordando. Aplicación del bordado al dibujo

Laburpena

ABSTRACT: EMBROIDERING DRAWING. APPLICATIONS OF EMBROIDERY IN DRAWINGS Embroidery has held a variety of roles since the Middle Ages. It has been considered an art and given the same importance as painting, a craft, the "perfect" leisure activity for women, and a skill by which men and women may earn money. Used by men and by women for its subjective potential to evoke connotations and qualities, embroidery has been both claimed by feminists and reviled by them for being male chauvinist. As with a fine painting, a good piece of embroidery is a luxury item that also exemplifies the very highest cultural expression. Embroidery skills and techniques are passed along from mothers to their daughters, as well as taught in official schools. Embroidery is exhibited in museums and at exhibitions and can take both traditional and contemporary forms. The current financial crisis has created a rise in popularity for such activities as drawing and needlework as these activities are cheap and do not need a special place to work. Moreover, materials can be selected to avoid toxicity. The growth of embroidery and painting also reflects the increased use of mixed technique by contemporary artists, who employ needlework to make drawings. This research examines the significance and use of embroidery as an artistic technique by a number of Spanish artists, or artists who live in Spain, rather than on the classification or history of embroidery. To support the premise that embroidery is a drawing technique, these artists' use of embroidery, the approaches to that use, and the materials used are particularly examined. Although other base materials for embroidery are studied, this research further takes a particular interest in examining the use of paper as an embroidery base. Conceptually embroidery shares the key elements of point, line, and plane with drawing. In embroidery, the point beginning a stitch is made by an instrument that then goes over the affected surface to create a line of stitching; a plane is subsequently made by crossed lines, or threads. Thus, if drawing is defined as a demarcation of a form by points, embroidery should be considered drawing. The use of paper as embroidery's base material is not new. By definition, embroidery can be made on any kind of surface that can be punctured, not just fabric. Today paper is experiencing a growth in its use owing to its technical characteristics, simplicity, and subjective connotations.