Modelos centrados en el alumno en Educación Físicapautas pedagógicas y tendencias de investigación
- Silva, Rita 1
- Farias, Cláudio 1
- Arroyo, Maria Perla 2
- Mesquita, Isabel 1
- 1 Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- 2 Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte de la Universidad de Granada
ISSN: 1579-1726, 1988-2041
Año de publicación: 2021
Número: 42
Páginas: 331-343
Tipo: Artículo
Otras publicaciones en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación
Resumen
Los modelos de enseñanza centrados en el alumno han sido recientemente objeto de atención, considerándose eficaces para potenciar el aprendizaje del alumno y contribuyendo a formar alumnos creativos, autónomos, capaces de resolver problemas y tomar decisiones. El presente ensayo se centra en dos modelos de enseñanza empleados en Educación Física: el Modelo de Aprendizaje Cooperativo y el Modelo de Educación Deportiva. Primero se describen las características básicas de ambos modelos. Seguidamente, se indican las características y lagunas de investigación, basadas en los resultados de investigaciones previas, y se proponen orientaciones prácticas para profesores de Educación Física y otros profesionales de la Educación. Los resultados muestran que: profesores y alumnos dan valor a estos modelos; los profesores indican diferentes dificultades en su implementación, principalmente aquellos que se encuentran en fase inicial de su carrera profesional; los alumnos consideran necesario más tiempo dedicado a la Educación Física. Los programas de Formación de Profesores deberían facilitar a los futuros docentes múltiples experiencias de práctica pedagógica y dotarlos de competencias de gestión del aula. A nivel metodológico, se sugiere emplear unidades de instrucción de larga duración y diseños de investigación cualitativos que analicen en profundidad la complejidad del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje centrado en el alumno.
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