Tratamiento de las lesiones de los nervios periféricos. Tendencias actuales del tratamiento quirúrgico

  1. Garrido Gómez, Juan
  2. Hernández Cortés, Pedro
  3. Carriel Araya, Víctor
  4. Lara Guerrero, Fernando
  5. García García, Salomé
  6. Sáez Moreno, José Antonio
  7. Alaminos Mingorance, Miguel
  8. Torres Barroso, Javier
Revue:
Actualidad médica

ISSN: 0365-7965

Année de publication: 2012

Tomo: 97

Número: 785

Pages: 45-55

Type: Article

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAccès ouvert editor

D'autres publications dans: Actualidad médica

Résumé

Las lesiones nerviosas son habituales en cualquier medio hospitalario. La alta incidencia de estas lesiones y el elevado número de secuelas asociadas a las mismas las hace un problema de salud pública. Proporcionar un tratamiento satisfactorio con un pronóstico funcional aceptable es aún una asignatura pendiente para la medicina actual. Generalmente, los nervios periféricos se lesionan de forma aguda en el contexto de accidentes de tráfico, heridas por arma de fuego o por arma blanca, amputaciones totales o parciales de cualquier miembro o, simplemente, una herida incisa producida en un ambiente doméstico o laboral. Hoy día las opciones terapéuticas de las que dispone el cirujano para reparar este tipo de lesiones son muy limitadas con una recuperación funcional lenta y exigua en un porcentaje elevado de casos. La progresión de las ciencias médicas y biológicas ha permitido el desarrollo de nuevas técnicas y métodos de Ingeniería Tisular que proyectan avances en la terapia para este tipo de lesiones nerviosas que hasta ahora, se han asociado a una recuperación insatisfactoria, y a veces inexistente.

Références bibliographiques

  • Bunting S, Di Silvio L, Deb S, Hall S. Bioabsorbable glass fibres facilitate peripheral nerve regeneration. J Hand Surg Bristish and European 2005; 30B: 242-47.
  • Cajal RS. Degeneration and Regeneration of the nervous system, vol 1. London: Oxford University Press, 1928.
  • Campbell W. Evaluation and management of peripheral nerve injury. Clinical neurophysiology 2008; 119: 1951-1965.
  • De Ugarte DA, Alfonso Z, Zuk PA, Elbarbary A, Zhu M, Ashjian P, Benhaim P, Hedrick MH and Fraser JK. Differential expression of stem cell mobilization associated molecules on multi lineage cells from adipose tissue and bone marrow. Immunol Lett 2003; 89: 267- 270.
  • Di Summa PG, Kingham PJ, Raffoul W, Wiberg M, Terenghi G, Kalbermatten DF. Adipose derived stem cells enhance peripheral nerve regeneration. J Plast Recons Aesth Surg 2010; 63(9): 1544-52
  • Diao E, Vannuyen T. Techniques for primary nerve repair. Hand Clin 2000; 16: 53-66.
  • Giddins GEB, Wade PJF, Amis AA. Primary nerve repair: strength of repair with different gauges of nylon suture material, J Hand Surg 1989; 14 B: 301.
  • Gorman PW, Dell PC. Instrumentation for nerve repair, in Gelberman RH(ed): Operative Nerve Repair and Reconstruction. Philadelphia, PA, Lippincott, 1991, p275-285.
  • Gregory J, Cowey A, Jones M, Pickard S, Ford D. The anatomy, investigations and management of adult brachial plexus injuries. Orthop and Trauma 2009; 23(6): 420-32.
  • Gu S, Shen Y, Xu W, Xu L, Li X, Zhou G, Gu Y, Xu J. Application of fetal neural stem cells transplantation in delaying denervated muscle atrophy in rats with peripheral nerve injury. Microsurgery. 2010 May;30(4):266-74.
  • Hall SM. Regeneration in the peripheral nervous system. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 1989; 15: 513-29.
  • Hasegawa T, Nakamura S, Manabe T, et al. Vascularized nerve grafts for treatment of large nerve gap after severe trauma to an upper extremity. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2004; 124: 209-213.
  • Ichiara S, Inada Y, Nakamura T. Artificial nerve tubes and their application for repair of peripheral nerve injury: an update of current concepts. Injury 2008 Oct; 39 Suppl 4:29-39. Review.
  • Itoh S, Takakuda K, Kawabata S et al. Evaluation of cross-linking procedures of collagen tubes used in peripheral nerve repair. Biomaterials 2002; 23: 4475-4481
  • Johnson EO, Charchanti A, Soucacos PN. Nerve repair: experimental and clinical evaluation of neurotrophic factors in peripheral nerve regeneration. Injury. 2008 Sep;39 Suppl 3:S37-42.
  • Kararizou E, Davaki P, Spengos K, Karandreas N, Dimitracopoulos A, Vassilopoulos D. Churg-Strauss syndrome complicated by neuropathy: a clinicopathological study of nine cases. Clin Neuropathol 2011 Jan-Feb; 30(1):11-7.
  • Kashiwa K, Kobayashi S, Nasu W, Kuroda T, Higuchi H. Facial Nerve Reconstruction Using a Vascularized Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Graft Based on the Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery System: An Application of the Inferolateral Extension of the Groin Flap. J Reconstr Microsurg 2010 Nov; 26(9): 577-82.
  • Keeley RD, Nguyen KD, Stephanides MJ et al. The artificial nerve graft: a comparison of blended elastomer hydrogel with polyglycolic acid conduits. J Reconst Microsurg 1991; 7: 93-100.
  • Koeppen AH. Wallerian degeneration: history and clinical significance. J Neurol Sci 2004; 220: 115-7.
  • Meek MK, Coert JH. US Food and Drug Administration/Conformit Europe-Approved Absorbable Nerve Conduits for clinical repair of peripheral and cranial nerves. Annals of Plastic Surgery 2008; 60(4): 466-472
  • Millesi H. Microsurgery of the peripheral nerves. Hand 1973; 5: 157-160.
  • Miyata t, Taira T, Noishiki Y. Collagen engineering for biomaterials use. Clin Mater 1992; 9: 139-148.
  • Myckatyn TM, Mackinnon SE. Surgical Techniques of Nerve Grafting. Oper Tech Orthop 2004; 14: 171-178.
  • Nichols CM, Brenner MJ, Fox IK, Tung TH, Hunter DA, Rickman SR, Mackinnon SE. Effects of motor versus sensory nerve grafts on peripheral nerve regeneration. Exp Neurol. 2004 Dec; 190(2):347-55.
  • Noble J, Munro CA, Prasad VS, Midha R. Analysis of upper and lower extremity peripheral nerve injuries in a population of patients with multiple injuries. J Trauma. 1998 Jul; 45(1):116-22.
  • Pabari A, Yang SY, Seifalian AM, Mosahebi A. Modern surgical management of peripheral nerve gap. J Plast Reconstr Surg 2010; 8; 1-8.
  • Ray WZ, Mackinnon SE. Management of nerve gaps: autografts, allografts, nerve transfers, and end-to-side neurorrhaphy. Exp Neurol; 2009.
  • Rowshan K, Jones NF, Gupta R. Current Surgical techniques of peripheral nerve repair. Oper Tech Orthop 2004; 14: 163-170.
  • Seddon HJ(ed): Surgical disorders of peripheral nerves. Edinburgh, Churchill Livingstone, 1975.
  • Shamash S, Reichert F, Rotshenker S. The cytokine network of Wallerian degeneration: tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1alpha, and interleukin-1beta. J Neurosci 2002 Apr 15; 22(8):3052- 60.
  • Siebert H, Sachse A, Kuziel WA, Maeda N, Brück W. The chemokine receptor CCR2 is involved in macrophage recruitment to the injured peripheral nervous system. J Neuroimmunol 2000 110:177–185.
  • Siemionow M, Sari A. A contemporary overview of peripheral nerve research from the Cleveland Clinic microsurgery laboratory. Neurol Res 2004; 26: 218- 225.
  • Stanec S, Tonkovic I, Stanec Z, Tonkovic K, Dzepina I. Treatment of upper limb nerve war injuries associated with vascular trauma. Injury 1997; 28: 463-8.
  • Stoll G, Muller HW. Nerve injury, axonal degeneration and neural regeneration: basic insight. Brain Pathol 1999; 9: 313-25.
  • Sun K, Zhang J, Chen T, Chen Z, Chen Z, Li Z, Li H, Hu P. Three dimensional reconstruction and visualization of the median nerve from serial tissue sections. Microsurg 2009; 29: 573-577.
  • Sunderland S. The intraneural topography of the radial, median and ulnar nerves. Brain 1945; 68: 243.
  • Taras JS, Nanavati V, Steelman P. Nerve conduit. Journal of hand therapy 2005; 18(2): 191-7.
  • Tofaris G, Patterson PH, Jessen KR, Mirsky R. Denervated Schwann cells attract macrophages by secretion of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in process regulated by interleukin-6 and LIF. J Neurosci 2002; 22:6696–6703.
  • Tupper JW, Crick JC, Matteck LR. Fascicular nerve repairs. A comparative study of epineural and fascicular techniques. Orthop Clin North Am 1988; 19: 57-69.
  • Vargas ME, Barres BA. Why is Wallerian degeneration in the CNS so slow? Annu Rev Neurosci 2007; 30:153–179.
  • Waller A. Experiments on the section of the glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves of the frog, and observations of the alterations produced thereby in the structure of their primitive fibres. Philos Trans R Soc Lond 1850140:423–429.
  • Weiss P. Further experimental evidence against (neurotropism) in nerve regeneration. J Exp Zool 1944; 95: 233-57.
  • Zavan B, Michelotto L, Lancerotto L, Della Puppa A, D'Avella D, Abatan gelo G, Vindigni V, Cortivo R.. Neural potential of a stem cell population in the adipose and cutaneous tissues. Neurol Res 2010 Feb; 32(1): 47- 54.
  • Zhao Q, Dahlin LB, Kanje M et al. Specificity of muscle reinnervation following repair of the transected sciatic nerve. A comparative study of different repair techniques in the rat. J Hand Surg Br 1992; 17: 257-61.
La source de données: Dialnet