Consecuencias del abuso sexual infantiluna revisión de las variables intervinientes

  1. Cantón Cortés, David
  2. Cortés Arboleda, María Rosario
Revista:
Anales de psicología

ISSN: 0212-9728,  1695-2294

Año de publicación: 2015

Volumen: 31

Número: 2

Páginas: 552-561

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.6018/ANALESPS.31.2.180771 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Anales de psicología

Resumen

En las últimas décadas el abuso sexual infantil (ASI) ha suscita-do un gran interés, tanto entre la comunidad científica, como en la sociedad en general, debido a su prevalencia y consecuencias a corto y a largo plazo. Aunque la mayoría de los estudios que han examinado las secuelas del ASI enumeran numerosas dificultades psicológicas, sociales, conductuales y físi-cas, ciertamente no todas las víctimas de abuso infantil muestran un daño significativo posterior, existiendo una amplia variabilidad en el ajuste de las víctimas. Ante esta diversidad el presente trabajo, tras realizar una revisión de las consecuencias a corto y largo plazo del ASI, pretende discernir cuales son las principales variables que determinan los efectos del abuso sobre la víctimas. Las características del abuso, víctima y agresor, los factores situa-cionales y, especialmente, las variables cognitivas de la víctima se han de-mostrado como eficaces para explicar la gravedad de la sintomatología. Concretamente, las investigaciones realizadas en los últimos años han en-contrado que la sustitución de estrategias de afrontamiento de evitación por estrategias de aproximación, la eliminación de las atribuciones de autoincul-pación e inculpación a la familia y de los sentimientos relacionados con las cuatro dinámicas traumatogénicas y la promoción de un estilo de apego se-guro resultarían beneficiosos a la hora de prevenir futuros problemas cau-sados por la experiencia de abuso

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet