Is Periodontitis a Risk Factor for Cognitive Impairment and Dementia? A Case-Control Study

  1. José Antonio Gil Montoya 1
  2. Ines Sanchez-Lara 2
  3. Cristóbal Carnero Pardo 3
  4. Francisco Fornieles Rubio 4
  5. Juan Montes 5
  6. Rosa Vilchez 6
  7. J.S. Burgos 7
  8. M.A. González Moles 8
  9. Rocío Barrios Rodríguez 9
  10. Manuel Bravo Pérez 10
  1. 1 Gil-Montoya
  2. 2 Sanchez-Lara
  3. 3 Canal de Experiencias Hidrodinámicas de El Pardo
    info

    Canal de Experiencias Hidrodinámicas de El Pardo

    Fuencarral-El Pardo, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04j5n8f24

  4. 4 Fornieles
  5. 5 Montes
  6. 6 Vilchez
  7. 7 Burgos
  8. 8 Gonzalez-Moles
  9. 9 Universidad Gerardo Barrios
    info

    Universidad Gerardo Barrios

    San Miguel, El Salvador

    ROR https://ror.org/03gx10y75

  10. 10 Bravo
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Revista:
Journal of periodontology

ISSN: 0022-3492

Año de publicación: 2015

Volumen: 86

Número: 2

Páginas: 244-253

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1902/JOP.2014.140340 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Journal of periodontology

Resumen

Background: Dementia is a multi-etiologic syndrome characterized by multiple cognitive deficits but not always by the presence of cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment is associated with multiple non-modifiable risk factors but few modifiable factors. Epidemiologic studies have shown an association between periodontitis, a potentially modifiable risk factor, and cognitive impairment. The objective of this study is to determine whether clinical periodontitis is associated with the diagnosis of cognitive impairment/dementia after controlling for known risk factors, including age, sex, and education level. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Granada, Spain, in two groups of dentate individuals aged >50 years: 1) cases with a firm diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or dementia of any type or severity and 2) controls with no subjective memory loss complaints and a score >30 in the Phototest cognitive test (screening test for cognitive impairment). Periodontitis was evaluated by measuring tooth loss, plaque and bleeding indexes, probing depths, and clinical attachment loss (AL). Results: The study included 409 dentate adults, 180 with cognitive impairment and 229 without. A moderate and statistically significant association was observed between AL and cognitive impairment after controlling for age, sex, education level, oral hygiene habits, and hyperlipidemia (P = 0.049). No significant association was found between tooth loss and cognitive impairment. Conclusion: Periodontitis appears to be associated with cognitive impairment after controlling for confounders such as age, sex, and education level.

Fuente de los datos: Dialnet