Alteraciones del metabolismo fosfocálcico. Hipocalcemia
- A. García Martín 1
- A. Muñoz Garach 2
- M. Muñoz Torres 1
- 1 UGC de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada. Granada. España
- 2 UGC de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria. Málaga. España
ISSN: 0304-5412
Year of publication: 2016
Issue Title: Enfermedades endocrinológicas y metabólicas (IV) Patología del metabolismo fosfocálcico
Series: 12
Issue: 16
Pages: 887-892
Type: Article
More publications in: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado
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Abstract
Introduction Hypocalcaemic disorders represent an insufficiency in the adaptive response of the regulatory mechanisms of the main regulatory hormone (parathormone) and vitamin D. Most of the signs and symptoms are due to an increase in neuromuscular excitability. Aetiopathogenesis The most common causes are hypoparathyroidism, a deficiency or anomaly in vitamin D metabolism, renal failure and hypomagnesaemia. Clinicians should measure levels of calcaemia, phosphoraemia, magnesaemia, parathormone and, some times, 25-hydroxyvitamin-D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Treatment The treatment of acute hypocalcaemia depends on its severity, the rate at which it develops and the degree of muscle irritability. Symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with serum calcium levels below 1.9 mM (7.6 mg/dL) should be treated. The drugs available for treating chronic hypocalcaemia consist of calcium supplements and vitamin D preparations.
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