An abridged Spanish version of Sexual Double Standard Scalefactorial structure, reliability and validity evidence
- Juan Carlos Sierra 1
- Nieves Moyano 2
- Pablo Vallejo-Medina 3
- Carmen Gómez-Berrocal 1
- 1 Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), Universidad de Granada
-
2
Universidad de Zaragoza
info
-
3
Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz
info
ISSN: 1697-2600
Year of publication: 2018
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Pages: 69-80
Type: Article
More publications in: International journal of clinical and health psychology
Abstract
Antecedentes/Objetivo El doble estándar sexual (DES) se ha asociado a distintas dimensiones de la salud sexual, por lo que su evaluación es relevante y requiere de instrumentos con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas. Se plantea la adaptación a población heterosexual española de la Sexual Double Standard Scale (SDSS) y examinar sus propiedades psicométricas. Método: Mediante un muestreo incidental por cuotas se obtuvo una muestra de 1.206 sujetos (50% mujeres), distribuidos en tres grupos en función de la edad (18-34 años, 35-49 años y 50 años o más). Resultados: Mediante Análisis Factorial Exploratorio y Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio se consiguió una versión de 16 ítems distribuidos en dos factores (Aceptación de la libertad sexual y Aceptación del recato sexual), cuya combinación en un factor de segundo orden permite obtener un índice global de doble estándar sexual. La fiabilidad de consistencia interna y test-retest es óptima para los dos subfactores y sus medidas presentan adecuados índices de validez. Conclusiones: Esta versión adaptada de la SDSS es fiable y válida. Se discute su importancia para detectar la prevalencia de DES tradicional y de expresiones más modernas de este fenómeno.
Bibliographic References
- Allison, R., & Risman, B. J. (2013). A double standard for ‘‘Hooking Up’’: How far have we come toward gender equality? Social Science Research, 42, 1191---1206.
- Bermúdez, M. P., Castro, A., Gude, F., & Buela-Casal, G. (2010). Relationship power in the couple and sexual double standard as predictors of the risk of sexually transmitted infections and HIV: Multicultural and gender differences. Current HIV Research, 8, 172---178. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016210790442669
- Bermúdez, M. P., Ramiro, M. T., Sierra, J. C., & Buela-Casal, G. (2013). Construcción de un índice de riesgo para la infección por el VIH y su relación con la doble moral y el poder diádico en adolescentes. Anales de Psicología, 29, 917---922. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.136931
- Boone, T. L., & Lefkowitz, E. S. (2004). Safer sex and the health belief model: Considering the contributions of peer norms and socialization factors. Journal of Psychology and Human Sexuality, 16, 51---68.
- Bordini, G. S., & Sperb, T. M. (2013). Sexual double standard: A review of the literature between 2001 and 2010. Sexuality & Culture, 17, 686---704.
- Byrne, B. (2014). Structural Equation Modeling with Lisrel, Prelis, and Simplis. In Basic Concepts, Applications and Programming (Multivariate Applications Series) (Reprint Edition). New Jersey: Psychology Press.
- Caron, S. L., Davis, C. M., Halteman, W. A., & Stickle, M. (1993). Predictors of condom related behaviours among first year college students. Journal of Sex Research, 30, 252---259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224499309551709
- Chi, X., Bongardt, D. V. D., & Hawk, S. T. (2015). Intrapersonal and interpersonal sexual behaviors of Chinese university students: Gender differences in prevalence and correlates. Journal of Sex Research, 52, 532---542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2014.914131
- Christopher, A. N., & Wojda, M. R. (2008). Social dominance orientation, right-wing authoritarianism, sexism, and prejudice toward women in the work force. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 32, 65---73.
- Crawford, M., & Popp, D. (2003). Sexual double standards: A review and methodological critique of two decades of research. Journal of Sex Research, 40, 13---26.
- Eaton, A. A., & Matamala, A. (2014). The relationship between heteronormative beliefs and verbal sexual coercion in college students. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 43, 1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-014-0284-4
- Elosua, P., Mujika, J., Almeida, L. S., & Hermosilla, D. (2014). Procedimientos analítico-racionales en la adaptación de tests. Adaptación al espanÌol de la batería de pruebas de razonamiento. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 46, 117---126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0120-0534(14)70015-9
- England, P., & Bearak, J. (2014). The sexual double standard and gender differences in attitudes toward casual sex among U.S. university students. Demographic Research, 30, 1327---1338.
- Etchezahar, E., Prado-Gascó, V., Jaume, L., & Brussino, S. (2014). Validación argentina de la Escala de Orientación a la Dominancia Social. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 46, 35---43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0120-0534(14)70004-4
- Fasula, A. M., Carry, M., & Miller, K. S. (2014). A multidimensional framework for the meanings of the sexual double standard and its application for the sexual health of young black women in the U.S. Journal of Sex Research, 51, 170---183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2012.716874
- Flood, M. (2013). Male and female sluts: Shifts and stabilities in the regulation of sexual relations among young heterosexual men. Australian Feminist Studies, 28, 95---107.
- García-Cueto, E., Rodríguez-Díaz, F. J., Bringas-Molleda, C., López-Cepero, J., Paíno-Quesada, S., & Rodríguez-Franco, L. (2015). Development of the Gender Role Attitudes Scale (GRAS) amongst young Spanish people. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 15, 61---68. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2014.10.004
- Glick, P., & Fiske, S. T. (2011). Ambivalent sexism revisited. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 35, 530---535.
- Gutiérrez-Quintanilla, J. R., Rojas-García, A., & Sierra, J. C. (2010). Comparación transcultural de la doble moral sexual entre estudiantes universitarios salvadorenÌos y espanÌoles. Revista SalvadorenÌa de Psicología, 1, 31---51.
- Haavio-Mannila, E., & Kontula, O. (2003). Single and sexual double standards in Finland, Estonia, and St. Petersburg. Journal of Sex Research, 40, 36---49.
- Holland, J., Ramazanoglu, C., Sharpe, S., & Thomson, R. (2004). The male in the head: Young people, heterosexuality and power. London: Tufnell.
- Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cut-off criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1---55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/ 10705519909540118
- Jonason, P. K., & Marks, M. J. (2009). Common vs. uncommon sexual acts: Evidence for the sexual double standard. Sex Roles, 60, 357---365.
- King, K., Balswick, J. O., & Robinson, I. E. (1977). The continuing premarital sexual revolution among college females. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 39, 455---459.
- Lee, J., Kim, J., & Lim, H. (2010). Rape myth acceptance among Korean college: The roles of gender, attitudes toward women, and sexual double standard. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25, 1200---1223.
- Lippa, R., & Arad, S. (1999). Gender, personality, and prejudice: The display of authoritarianism and social dominance in interviews with college men and women. Journal of Research in Personality, 33, 463---493.
- Llor-Esteban, B., García-Jiménez, J. J., Ruiz-Hernández, J. A., & Godoy-Fernández, C. (2016). Profile of partner aggressors as a function of risk of recidivism. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 16, 39---46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2015.05.004
- López-Ossorio, J. J., González Álvarez, J. L., Buquerín Pascual, S., García Rodríguez, L. F., & Buela-Casal, G. (2017). Risk factors related to intimate partner violence police recidivism in Spain. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 17, 107---119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2016.12.001
- Milhausen, R. R., & Herold, E. S. (2002). Reconceptualizing the sexual double standard. Journal of Psychology and Human Sexuality, 13, 63---86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J056v13n02 05
- Montero, I., & León, O. G. (2007). A guide for naming research studies in Psychology. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 7, 847---862.
- Moyano, N., Monge, F. S., & Sierra, J. C. (2017). Predictors of sexual aggression in adolescents: Gender dominance vs. rape supportive attitudes. The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, 9, 25---31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.06.001
- Muehlenhard, C. L., & McCoy, M. L. (1991). Double standard/double bind. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 15, 447---461.
- Muehlenhard, C. L., & Quackenbush, D. M. (2011). Sexual Double Standard Scale. In T. D. Fisher, C. M. Davis, W. L. Yarber, & S. L. Davis (Eds.), Handbook of sexuality-related measures (3th ed., pp. 199---201). New York, NY: Routledge.
- Muñiz, J., Elosúa, P., & Hambleton, R. K. (2013). Directrices para la traducción y adaptación de los tests: segunda edición. Psicothema, 25, 151---157.
- Neukrug, E., & Fawcett, R. (2014). Essentials of testing and assessment: A practical guide for counselors, social workers and psychologists. Stamford, CA: Cengage Learning. Ortiz, A. P., Soto-Salgado, M., Suárez, E., Santos-Ortiz, M. C., Tor
- toleroLuna, G., & Pérez, C. M. (2011). Sexual behaviors among adults in Puerto Rico: A population-based study. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 8, 2439---2449.
- Palacios-Ceña, D., Carrasco-Garrido, P., Hernández-Barrera, V., Alonso-Blanco, C., Jiménez-García, R., & Fernández-De las Peñas, C. (2012). Sexual behaviors among older adults in Spain: Results from a population-based National Sexual Health Survey. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 9, 121---129.
- Peixoto, C., Botelho, F., Tomada, I., & Tomada, N. (2016). Comportamento sexual de estudantes de medicina portugueses e seus fatores preditivos. Revista Internacional de Andrología, 14, 53---68. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.androl.2015.02.001 1698-031X
- Pratto, F., Sidanius, J., Stallworth, L. M., & Malle, B. F. (1994). Social Dominance Orientation: A Personality variable Predicting Social and Political Attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 741---763.
- Rodríguez-Díaz, F. J., Herrero-Olaizola, J. B., Rodríguez-Franco, L., Bringas-Molleda, C., Paíno-Quesada, S. G., & Pérez-Sánchez, B. (2017). Validation of Dating Violence Questionnaire-R (DVQR). International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 17, 77---84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2016.09.001
- Rosenthal, L., Levy, S. R., & Earnshaw, V. A. (2012). Social dominance orientation relates to believing men should dominate sexually, sexual self-efficacy, and taking free female condoms among undergraduate women and men. Sex Roles, 67, 659---669.
- Russell, B. L., & Trigg, K. Y. (2004). Tolerance of sexual harassment: An examination of gender differences, ambivalent sexism, social dominance, and gender roles. Sex Roles, 50, 565---573.
- Sakaluk, J. K., Todd, L. M., Milhausen, R., & Lachowsky, N. J. (2014). Dominant heterosexual sexual scripts in emerging adulthood: Conceptualization and measurement. Journal of Sex Research, 51, 516---531.
- Sánchez-Fuentes, M. M., Salinas, J. M., & Sierra, J. C. (2016). Use of an ecological model to study sexual satisfaction in a heterosexual Spanish sample. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 45, 1973---1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0703-9
- Santos-Iglesias, P., Sierra, J. C., García, M., Martínez, A., Sánchez, A., & Tapia, M. I. (2009). Índice de Satisfacción Sexual (ISS): un estudio sobre su fiabilidad y validez. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 9, 259---273.
- Sibley, C. G., Wilson, M. S., & Duckitt, J. (2007). Antecedents of men’s hostile and benevolent sexism: The dual roles of social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33, 160---172.
- Sidanius, J. (1993). The psychology of group conflict and the dynamics of oppression: A social dominance perspective. In W. McGuire, & S. Iyengar (Eds.), Current approaches to political Psychology (pp. 183---219). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
- Sierra, J. C., Bermúdez, M. P., Buela-Casal, G., Salinas, J. M., & Monge, F. S. (2014). Variables asociadas a la experiencia de abuso en la pareja y su denuncia en una muestra de mujeres. Universitas Psychologica, 13, 37---46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.UPSY13-1.vaea
- Sierra, J. C., Costa, N., & Monge, F. S. (2012, October). Actitudes sexuales machistas en mujeres: análisis transcultural entre
- Brasil y Perú. Poster presented in XVI Congreso Latinoamericano de Sexología y Educación Sexual. Medellín, Colombia.
- Sierra, J. C., Gutiérrez-Quintanilla, R., Bermúdez, M. P., & Buela-Casal, G. (2009). Male sexual coercion: Analysis of a few associated factors. Psychological Reports, 105, 69---79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.105.1.69-79
- Sierra, J. C., Monge, F. S., Santos-Iglesias, P., & Salinas, J. M. (2011). Validation of reduced Spanish version of the index of spouse abuse. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 11, 363---383.
- Sierra, J. C., Rojas, A., Ortega, V., & Martín Ortiz, J. D. (2007). Evaluación de actitudes sexuales machistas en universitarios: primeros datos psicométricos de las versiones espanÌolas de la Double Standard Scale (DSS) y de la Rape Supportive Attitude Scale (RSAS). International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 7, 41---60.
- Sierra, J. C., Santos-Iglesias, P., Vallejo-Medina, P., & Moyano, N. (2014). Autoinformes como instrumento de evaluación en Sexología Clínica. Madrid: Síntesis.
- Silván Ferrero, M. P., & Bustillos, A. (2007). Adaptación de la Escala de Orientación a la Dominancia Social al castellano. Revista de Psicología Social, 22, 3---16.
- Simon, W., & Gagnon, J. H. (2003). Sexual scripts: Origin, influences, and change. Qualitative Sociology, 26, 491---497.
- Sprecher, S. (1989). Premarital sexual standards for different categories of individuals. Journal of Sex Research, 26, 232---248.
- Timmerman, M. E., & Lorenzo-Seva, U. (2011). Dimensionality assessment of ordered polytomous items with parallel analysis. Psychological Methods, 16, 209---220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0023353
- Wells, B. E., & Twenge, J. M. (2005). Changes in young people’s sexual behavior and attitudes, 1943-1999: A cross-temporal meta-analysis. Review of General Psychology, 9, 249---261.