Escucha musical y respuestas psicofisiológicas

  1. Herrera Torres, Lucía 1
  2. Berrío Grandas, Nelson Javier 2
  1. 1 Universidad de Granada
    info

    Universidad de Granada

    Granada, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04njjy449

  2. 2 Universidad Adventista de Colombia
Revista:
Publicaciones: Facultad de Educación y Humanidades del Campus de Melilla

ISSN: 1577-4147

Año de publicación: 2017

Número: 47

Páginas: 97-126

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Publicaciones: Facultad de Educación y Humanidades del Campus de Melilla

Resumen

La literatura científica indica que la respuesta psicofisiológica ante la escucha musical varía dependiendo de diferentes variables como, por ejemplo, el tempo de la música, el modo, el estilo musical escuchado y el contenido de la letra. Los objetivos de la presente investigación son, en primer lugar, determinar si las respuestas psicofisiológicas (respuesta galvánica de la piel-RGP, onda cerebral alfa-OCA y frecuencia cardíaca-FC) varían en función de la escucha musical frente a la condición de silencio. En segundo lugar, establecer si dichas respuestas varían en función del contenido de la letra de lo escuchado (Música Cristiana vs. Música no Cristiana). En tercer lugar, analizar si, en la escucha musical las respuestas psicofisiológicas difieren atendiendo al estilo musical escuchado. Participaron 100 estudiantes de la Universidad Adventista de Colombia divididos en dos grupos: Grupo Experimental o de escucha musical (n = 50) y Grupo Control o condición de silencio (n = 50). Los principales resultados pusieron de manifiesto diferencias en función de la modalidad de escucha (musical frente a silencio) en las tres respuestas psicofisiológicas. Además, se hallaron diferencias atendiendo al contenido de la letra y el estilo musical escuchado. Se discute la necesidad de continuar profundizando en futuros estudios que atiendan a diferentes variables que puedan incidir en la respuesta psicofisiológica ante la escucha musical.

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Información de financiación

Se procedió a realizar las conexiones utilizando alcohol y algodón para limpiar las zonas cutáneas y después se empleó un gel conductor en las zonas en las que se colocaron los electrodos. El equipo fue programado de modo que registrara la sesión a una velocidad de ocho segundos por registro para la onda cerebral alfa y la FC y de cuatro segundos por registro para la RGP, mostrando en la pantalla del ordenador las gráficas de cada una de las variables mientras se desarrolló la experiencia. Se verificó que las señales de recepción estuviesen en óptimas condiciones y el participante se encon-

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