Ingesta dietética y seguimiento de la Dieta Mediterránea en pacientes oncológicos

Resum

Introduction: Research on the relationship between diet and cancer has focused on the prevention of cancer through the ingestion of some type of nutrient and / or the presence of malnutrition, but it is necessary to know the intake of these patients and to evaluate if they cover Their nutritional requirements. In addition, this intake should be adapted to a healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean diet (DM). Objective: To know the dietary intake and the compliance of the recommended intakes, in these patients, as well as the adherence to the DM. Material and methods: Prospective observational study in oncology patients who will undergo radiotherapy. The dietary intake is evaluated through 3-day dietary registration and adherence to DM through the questionnaire used by the Mediterranean Diet Prevention Group (PREDIMED). Results: A total of 84 patients were studied, with an energy intake of carbohydrates and polyunsaturated fatty acids below 5% of IR and protein, fat and monounsaturated fatty acids higher than 5%. Cholesterol intake is higher for both sexes, especially in women, and lower fiber intake. 65.48% of the sample shows low adherence to DM and 34.52% high adherence. Women presented better adherence than men (37.21% vs. 31.71%), but this difference is not statistically significant (p> 0.05). Conclusions: The results show that patients do not eat a balanced diet and adapted to their health status. In addition, guidelines should be provided to achieve a better adherence to DM,