Amortiguación de los saltos verticales según el propósito del movimiento deportivo posterior

  1. Marcos Gutiérrez Dávila 1
  2. Francisco Javier Rojas Ruiz 1
  3. J. Olivares 1
  4. D. Pancorbo 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Granada. (España)
Revista:
Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte

ISSN: 1577-0354

Año de publicación: 2019

Volumen: 19

Número: 73

Páginas: 19-32

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.15366/RIMCAFD2019.73.002 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte

Resumen

El principal objetivo ha sido detectar las diferencias biomecánicas de tres modelos de aterrizaje: a) aterrizaje discreto (AD), con misión de amortiguar un salto vertical, b) aterrizaje preparatorio al salto vertical (APS) y c) aterrizaje que precedía a una carrera (APC). Han participado 29 deportistas donde el salto constituye una habilidad básica. Se ha utilizado una plataforma de fuerza sincronizada a una cámara de vídeo que registraba el plano sagital de los saltos. Los resultados indican que los APS y APC amortiguan más los picos de fuerza de reacción vertical que los AD. El modelo cinemático utilizado para los APS fue similar al AD, aunque la mayor actividad neural y refleja propia del ciclo estiramiento-acortamiento para realizar el posterior salto vertical haría más eficiente la absorción de impactos. La estrategia utilizada para los APC muestra un incremento del riesgo de lesión como consecuencia del desplazamiento hacia delante de la tibia.

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