Un enfoque holístico e integrado de la implantación de los servicios farmacéutico cognitivos

  1. Benrimoj S. I.
  2. E. Feletto
  3. M. A. Gastelurrutia
  4. F. Martinez Martinez
  5. M.J.
Revista:
Ars pharmaceutica

ISSN: 2340-9894,  0004-2927

Año de publicación: 2010

Volumen: 51

Número: 2

Páginas: 69-87

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Ars pharmaceutica

Resumen

La Farmacia Comunitaria forma parte del sistema de salud. Este sistema actualmente se encuentra sometido a presiones económicas y debe afrontar cambios en la demanda tanto de los consumidores como de los gobiernos. La respuesta de la profesión farmacéutica está dirigida a orientar su práctica hacia el paciente y a implantar servicios cognitivos farmacéuticos (CPS). En distintos países estos servicios tiene objetivos similares aunque presentan diferencias en el énfasis de los servicios, en sus definiciones, denominaciones y en la utilización de diferentes herramientas. Sin embargo, todos ellos pueden clasificarse utilizando un amplio modelo jerárquico que se basa en la toma de decisiones clínicas y en la amplitud del cambio requerido. (Box 1). Los retos que debe afrontar la profesión están relacionados con el desarrollo de un nuevo modelo de farmacia orientado al paciente que afecta a las políticas de salud, a la formación e investigación, a la evolución de los mercados, a los abordajes del cambio tanto a nivel individual como organizacional, y a la implantación de CPS. Estos temas y la investigación en práctica farmacéutica que se ha venido realizando con anterioridad han sido sintetizados para proporcionar una plataforma para el cambio que pueda guiar un planteamiento holístico e integrado de implantación de CPS. Conceptualmente la implantación de CPS puede enmarcarse en seis niveles: clínico, provisión de servicios, farmacia comunitaria, organización profesional, gobierno y agentes implicados (Figura 1). La experiencia reciente relacionada con la implantación de servicios ha mostrado la aplicación de programas de implantación que han incluido uno o dos de estos niveles en lugar de haber utilizado un abordaje holístico. Por ello se ha desarrollado un modelo concéntrico para ilustrar la implantación de CPS dentro del planteamiento integrado y holístico necesario para apoyar el cambio En España se ha desarrollado un programa (conSIGUE) que pretende integrar los seis niveles con el objetivo de apoyar la implantación y evaluación de un CPS, el servicio de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico

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