A Meta-Analysis of the Generalization of the Reliability of State/Trait Depression Inventory Scores
- María Guillot-Valdés 1
- Alejandro Guillén-Riquelme 1
- Gualberto Buela-Casal 1
-
1
Universidad de Granada
info
ISSN: 0214-9915, 1886-144X
Year of publication: 2020
Volume: 32
Issue: 4
Pages: 476-489
Type: Article
More publications in: Psicothema
Abstract
Background: Depression is a disorder that is highly prevalent nowadays. Within the dimensional explanatory model of depression, the State/Trait Depression Inventory was developed. Its objective is to identify the degree of affectation (state) and the frequency of occurrence (trait) of the affective component of depression. The instrument has proven reliable and comprises two factors in its structure: state and trait, with two euthymia and dysthymia subscales in each one. The objective of this meta-analysis is to find an average alpha for the questionnaire. Method: A bibliographical search was conducted on Web of Science and Scopus. Forty-five articles were selected. Results: The alpha ranges from .84 to .89 for all factorizations, and in most studies a bifactorial structure of state and trait depression was found. Conclusions: The State/Trait Depression Inventory is a reliable and suitable instrument for measuring depression.
Funding information
This research has been funded by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain under contract number FPU17/05262.Funders
-
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
Spain
- FPU17/05262
Bibliographic References
- *Agudelo, D. (2009). Propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Depresión Estado/Rasgo (IDER) con adolescentes y universitarios de la ciudad de Bucaramanga [Psychometric Properties of the StateTrait Depression Inventory with adolescents and university students in Bucaramanga]. Pensamiento Psicológico, 5(12), 139-160.
- Agudelo, D., Buela-Casal, G., & Spielberger, C. D. (2007). Ansiedad y depresión; el problema de la diferenciación a través de los síntomas [Anxiety and depression: The problem of the differentiation through the symptoms]. Salud Mental, 30(2), 33-41.
- Agudelo, D., Carretero-Dios, H., Blanco Picabia, A., Pitti, C., Spielberger, C., & Buela- Casal, G. (2005). Evaluación del componente afectivo de la depresión: análisis factorial del ST/DEP revisado [Assessment of the affective component of depressio: Factor analysis of ST/DEP revised]. Salud Mental, 28(3), 32-41.
- *Agudelo, D., Casadiegos, C., & Sánchez, D. (2009). Relación entre esquemas maladaptativos tempranos y características de ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes universitarios [Relation Between Early Maladaptive Schemes and Anxiety and Depression Features in University Students]. Universitas Psychologica, 8(1), 87-103.
- *Agudelo, D., Gómez, Y., & López, P. (2014). Propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Depresión Estado Rasgo (IDER) con una muestra de población general colombiana [Psychometric propierties of The StateTrait Depression inventory (IDER) with a colombian general sample]. Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana, 32(1), 71-84. https://doi.org/10.12804/apl32.1.2014.05
- Agudelo, D., Spielberger, C., & Buela-Casal, G. (2007). La depresión: ¿un trastorno dimensional o categorial? [Depression: ¿A dimensional or categorical disorder?]. Salud Mental, 30(3), 20-28.
- Aguilera, M., Paz, C., Compañ, V., Medina, J. C, & Feixas, G. (2019). Cognitive rigidity in patients with depression and fibromyalgia. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 19(2), 160-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2019.02.002
- American Psychiatric Association (2013). Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales DSM-5 (5a ed.) [Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5 (5th ed.)]. Editorial Médica Panamericana.
- Becker, N. B., Jesus, S. N., Viseu J. N., Stobäus, C. D., Guerreiro, M., & Domingues, R. B. (2018). Depression and quality of life in older adults: Mediation effect of sleep quality. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psycholy, 18(1), 8-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2017.10.002
- *Bertrams, A., & Dickhäuser, O. (2009). Messung dispositioneller Selbstkontrollkapazität. Eine deutsche Adaptation der Kurzform der SelfControl Scale (SCS-K-D) [Measuring dispositional self-control capacity: A German adaptation of the short form of the Self- Control Scale (SCS-K-D)]. Diagnostica, 55(1), 2-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/0012- 1924.55.1.2
- Bertrams, A., & Dickhäuser, O. (2012). Passionate thinkers feel better: Self-control capacity as a mediator of the relationships between need for cognition and affective adjustment. Journal of Individual Differences, 33(2), 69-75. https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000081
- Bonett, D. G. (2010). Varying coefficient meta-analytic methods for alpha reliability. Psychological Methods, 15(4), 368-385. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020142
- Brailovskaia, J., Forkmann, T., Paashaus, L., Rath, D., Schönfelder, A., Juckel, G., & Teismann, T. (2019). Positive mental health moderates the association between suicide ideation and suicide attempts. Journal of Affective Disorders, 245, 246-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jad.2018.11.005
- Castellón Leal, E., Ibern, P., Gili, M., Lahera, G., Sanz, J., & Sáiz, J. (2016). El abordaje de la depresión en el ámbito del trabajo: recomendaciones clave [Management of depression in the work setting: Key recommendations]. Psiquiatría Biológica, 23(3), 112-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2016.08.003
- Charter, R. A. (2003). A Breakdown of Reliability Coefficients by Test Type and Reliability Method, and the Clinical Implications of Low Reliability. The Journal of General Psychology, 130(3), 290-304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221300309601160
- *Domínguez Espinosa, A. C., Aguilera Mijares, S., Acosta Canales, T. T., Navarro Contreras, G., & Ruiz Paniagua, Z. (2012). La deseabilidad social revalorada: más que una distorsión, una necesidad de aprobación social [Social Desirability Reconsidered: More than Distortion, the Need for Social Approval]. Acta de Investigación Psicológica, 2(3), 808-824.
- *Domínguez-Lara, S. (2013). Análisis psicométrico de la Escala de Cansancio Emocional en estudiantes de una universidad privada [Psychometric analysis of the Emotional Exhaustion Scale in private university students]. Revista Digital de nvestigación en Docencia Universitaria, 7(1), 45-55. https://doi.org/10.19083/ridu.7.186
- *Domínguez-Lara, S. (2016). Análisis estructural del Inventario de Depresión Estado-Rasgo en pacientes con diagnóstico de depresión de Lima [Structural analysis of the State-Trait Depression Inventory in patients with diagnosis of depression from Lima]. Revista del Hospital Psiquiátrico de La Habana, 13(1).
- *Domínguez-Lara, S., & Merino-Soto, C. (2018). Efectos de método en el Inventario de Depresión Estado Rasgo (IDER): un análisis SEM [Method Effects in State-Trait Depression Inventory (ST-DEP): A SEM Analysis]. Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana, 36(2), 253-267. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.4151
- *Gao, Y., Wong, D. S. W., & Yu, Y. (2016). Maltreatment and delinquency in China: Examining and extending the intervening process of general strain theory. Comparative Criminology, 60(1), 38-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X14547495
- *Garaigordobil, M., & Maganto, C. (2015). Relación entre actitudes sexistas y variables emocionales positivas y negativas [Relationship between sexist attitudes and positive and negative emotional variables]. Feminismo/s, 25, 35-54. https://doi.org/ 10.14198/fem.2015.25.03
- *Gerteis, A. K. S., & Schwerdtfeger, A. R. (2016). When rumination counts: Perceived social support and heart rate variability in daily life. Psychophysiology, 53(7), 1034-1043. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12652
- *Granados, M. R., Vallejo-Medina, P., & Sierra, J. C. (2011). Relación de la ansiedad y la depresión con la asertividad sexual [Relationship of anxiety and depression with sexual assertiveness]. Análisis y Modificación de Conducta, 37(155-156), 77-90.
- Guilera, G., Pino, O., Barrios, M., Rojo, E., Vieta, E., & Gómez-Benito, J. (2020). Towards an ICF Core Set for functioning assessment in severe mental disorders: Commonalities in bipolar disorder, depression and schizophrenia. Psicothema, 32(1), 7-14. https://doi.org/ 10.7334/psicothema2019.186
- Guillot-Valdés, M., Guillén-Riquelme, A., & Buela-Casal, G. (2019). Reliability and validity of the Basic Depression Questionnaire. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 19(3), 243-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2019.07.002
- *Knotek, P. (2011). State-Trait Depression Inventory - Czech version. Ceskoslovenská Psychologie, 55(3), 234-244.
- *Krohne, H. W., Schmukle, S. C., Spaderna, H., & Spielberger, C. D. (2002). The State–Trait Depression Scales: An international comparison. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 15(2), 105-122. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800290028422
- *Lehr, D., Hillert, A., Schmitz, E., & Sosnowsky, N. (2008). Screening depressiver Störungen mittels Allgemeiner Depressions-Skala (ADS-K) und State-Trait Depression Scales (STDS-T): Eine vergleichende Evaluation von Cut-Off-Werten [Screening of affective disorders with CES-D and STDS-T: A comparative evaluation of cut-off values]. Diagnostica, 54(2), 61-70. https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924.54.2.61
- *Lemos, M., & Agudelo-Vélez, D. M. (2018). El afecto negativo como factor emocional de orden superior en pacientes cardiovasculares [Negative affect as a high order emotional factor in cardiovascular patients]. Acta Colombiana de Psicología, 21(2), 68-77. https://doi.org/10.14718/acp.2018.21.2.4
- Liberati, A., Altman, D. G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P. C., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Clarke, M., Devereaux, P. J., Kleijnen, J., & Moher, D. (2009). The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: Explanation and elaboration. Annals of Internal Medicine, 151(4), 65-94. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00136
- *Loerbroks, A., Weigl, M., Li, J., Glaser, J., Degen, C., & Angerer, P. (2015). Workplace bullying and depressive symptoms: A prospective study among junior physicians in Germany. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 78(2), 168-172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.10.008
- *Maganto, C., Garaigordobil, M., & Kortabarria, L. (2017). Eating Problems in Adolescents and Youths: Explanatory Variables. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 19(81), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1017/sjp.2016.74
- *Merino-Soto, C., Pfl ucker, D., & Riaño-Hernández, D. (2012). Análisis factorial exploratorio del Inventario de Depresión Estado-Rasgo (ST-DEP) en adolescentes [Exploratory Factor Analysis of StateTrait Depression Inventory (ST-DEP) in Adolescents]. Diversitas: Perspectivas en Psicología, 8(2), 319-330. https://doi.org/10.15332/s1794-9998.2012.0002.08
- *Morgan, P., Dell’Isolla, R., Nicholson, B., & Spencer, C. (2020). Stress generation theory in couples with depression: A latent profile analysis. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. Advanced online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520919992
- Mulugeta, A., Zhou, A., Vimaleswaran, K. S., Dickson, C., & Hyppönen, E. (2019). Depression increases the genetic susceptibility to high body mass index: Evidence from UK Biobank. Depression & Anxiety, 36(12), 1154-1162. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22963
- *Nestler, S., Back, M. D., & Egloff, B. (2011). Psychometrische Eigenschaften zweier Skalen zur Erfassung interindividueller Unterschiede in der Präferenz zum Alleinsein [Psychometric properties of two scales for the assessment of individual differences in preference for solitude]. Diagnostica, 57(2), 57-67. https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924/a000032
- *Ocampo, L. (2007). Análisis correlacional del Cuestionario de Depresión Estado/Rasgo con una muestra de adolescentes y universitarios de la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia) [Correlational analysis of the State/ Trait Depression Questionnaire with a sample of adolescents and university students from the city of Medellín (Colombia)]. Psicología desde el Caribe, 20, 28-49.
- *Paik, S. C., & Kim, J. S. (2018). The Effect of Emotional Experiences on Biological Aging. Korean Journal of Health Promotion, 18(4), 147- 158. https://doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2018.18.4.147
- Reed, G. M., First, M. B., Kogan, C. S., Hyman, S. E., Gureje, O., Gaebel, W., Maj, M., Stein, D. J., Maercker, A., Tyrer, P., Claudino, A., Garralda, E., Salvador-Carulla, L., Ray, R., Saunders, J. B., Dua, T., Poznyak, V., Medina-Mora, M. E., Pike, K. M., Ayuso-Mateos. J. I.,…Saxena, S. (2019). Innovations and changes in the ICD-11 classification of mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders. World Psychiatry, 18(1), 3-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20611
- Ritterband, L. M., & Spielberger, C. D. (1996). Construct validity of the Beck Depression Inventory as a measure of state and trait depression in non-clinical populations. Depression and Stress, 2(2), 123-145.
- Rubio-Aparicio, M., Sánchez-Meca, J., Marín-Martínez, F., & López López, J. A. (2018). Guidelines for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Anales de Psicología, 34(2), 412-420. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.34.2.320131
- *Santos-Iglesias, P., Calvillo, G., & Sierra, J. C. (2011). A further examination of Levine’s model of sexual desire. Psychology & Sexuality, 4(1), 34-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/19419899.2011.576697
- Schürmann, J., & Margraf, J. (2018). Age of anxiety and depression revisited: A meta-analysis of two European community samples (1964- 2015). International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 18(2), 102-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2018.02.002
- *Schwerdtfeger, A., & Friedrich-Mai, P. (2009). Social interaction moderates the relationship between depressive mood and heart rate variability: Evidence from an ambulatory monitoring study. Health Psychology, 28(4), 501-509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0014664
- *Schwerdtfeger, A., Friedrich-Mai, P., & Gerteis, A. (2014). Daily positive affect and nocturnal cardiac activation. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 22(1), 132-138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-014-9396-4
- *Schwerdtfeger, A., Gaisbachgrabner, K., & Traunmüller, C. (2017). Life Satisfaction and Hemodynamic Reactivity to Mental Stress. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 51(3), 464-469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-016-9858-9
- *Schwerdtfeger, A. R., & Gerteis, A. K. S. (2013). Is the blunted blood pressure reactivity in dysphoric individuals related to attenuated behavioral approach? International Journal of Psychophysiology, 90(1), 58-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.01.015
- *Schwerdtfeger, A. R., & Scheel, S. M. (2012). Self-esteem fluctuations and cardiac vagal control in everyday life. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 83(3), 328-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.11.016
- *Schwerdtfeger, A. R., & Schlagert, H. (2011). The conjoined effect of naturalistic perceived available support and enacted support on cardiovascular reactivity during a laboratory stressor. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 42(1), 64-78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-011-9272-2
- *Silva, C., & Jiménez-Cruz, C. (2016). Construcción de una escala breve de depresión rasgo para adolescentes. Acta de Investigación Psicológica, 6(1), 2317-2324. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2007-4719(16)30052-7
- *Sotelo, L., Sotelo, N., Domínguez, S., Poma, I., Cueto, E., Alarcón, D., Barboza, P. M., & Padilla, O. (2012). Propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Depresión Estado/Rasgo (IDER) en adultos de Lima [Psychometric properties of the state-trait depression inventory (STDEP) in a adults of lima]. Avances en Psicología, 20(2), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.33539/avpsicol.2012v20n2.319
- *Spaderna, H., Schmukle, S. C., & Krohne, H. W. (2002). Bericht über die deutsche Adaptation der State-Trait Depression Scales (STDS) [Report about the German adaptation of the State-Trait Depression Scales (STDS)]. Diagnostica, 48(2), 80-89. https://doi.org/10.1026//0012-1924.48.2.80
- Spielberger, C. D. (1995). State-Trait Depression Scales (Form X-1). Mind Garden.
- Spielberger, C. D., Buela-Casal, G., & Agudelo, D. (2008). Inventario de Depresión Estado/ Rasgo (IDER) [State/Trait Depression Inventory (IDER)]. TEA Ediciones.
- *Spielberger, C. D., Carretero-Dios, H., De los Santos Roig, M., & Buela-Casal, G. (2002a). Spanish experimental version of the statetrait depression questionnaire (ST-DEP): Trait sub-scale (T-DEP). International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 2(1), 51-69.
- *Spielberger, C. D., Carretero-Dios, H., De los Santos Roig, M., & Buela-Casal, G. (2002b). Spanish experimental version of the statetrait depression questionnaire (ST-DEP): State sub-scale (S-DEP). International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 2(1), 71-89.
- Spielberger, C. D., & Reheiser, E. C. (2009). Assessment of Emotions: Anxiety, Anger, Depression, and Curiosity. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1(3), 271-302. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01017.x
- Spielberger, C. D., & Ritterband, L. M. (1996). Preliminary Test Manual for the Stait-Trait Depression Scale. University of South Florida.
- *Spielberger, C. D., Ritterband, L. M., Reheiser, E. C., & Brunner, T. M. (2003). The nature and measurement of depression. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 3(2), 209-234.
- Teismann, T., Forkmannb, T., Brailovskaiaa, J., Siegmann, P., Glaesmerc, H., & Margraf, J. (2018). Positive mental health moderates the association between depression and suicide ideation: A longitudinal study. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 18(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2017.08.001
- *Torres-Obregon, R., Onofre, D., Sierra, J. C., Benavides, R., & Garza, M. (2017). Validación de la Sexual Assertiveness Scale en mujeres mexicanas [Validation of the Sexual Assertiveness Scale in mexican women]. Suma Psicológica, 24(1), 34-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sumpsi.2017.01.001
- *Traunmüller, C., Stefi tz, R., Gaisbachgrabner, K., Hofmann, P., Roessler, A., & Schwerdtfeger, A. R. (2019). Psychophysiological concomitants of burnout: Evidence for different subtypes. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 118, 41-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.01.009.
- *Vera-Villarroel, P., Buela-Casal, B., Celis-Atenas, K., Córdova-Rubio, N., Encina-Olea, N., & Spielberger, C. D. (2008). Chilean experimental version of the State-Trait Depression Questionnaire (ST-DEP): Trait sub-scale (T-DEP). International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 8(2), 563-575.
- *Vera-Villarroel, P., Buela-Casal, G., Zych, I., Córdova-Rubio, N., CelisAtenas, K., Zepeda, L., & Spielberger, C. (2010). Chilean experimental version of the State-Trait Depression Questionnaire (ST-Dep): State subscale (S-Dep). Psychological Reports, 106(1), 65-73. https://doi.org/10.2466/ pr0.106.1.65-77
- Viechtbauer, W. (2010). Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor package. Journal of Statistical Software, 36(3), 1-48.
- *Weigl, M., Hornung, S., Petru, R., Glaser, J., & Angerer, P. (2012). Depressive symptoms in junior doctors: A follow-up study on workrelated determinants. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 85(5), 559-570. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-011-0706-8
- *Weigl, M., Stab, N., Herms, I., Angerer, P., Hacker, W., & Glaser, J. (2016). The associations of supervisor support and work overload with burnout and depression: A cross-sectional study in two nursing settings. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(8), 1774-1788. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12948
- *Wiggert, N., Wilhelm, F. H., Boger, S., Georgii, C., Klimesch, W., & Blechert, J. (2017). Social Pavlovian conditioning: Shortand longterm effects and the role of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 12(2), 329-339. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/ nsw128
- World Health Organization (2017). Depression and other common mental disorders: Global health estimates. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/254610/1/WHO-MSD-MER2017.2-eng.pdf
- *Wu, Q., Chi, P., Lin, X., & Du, H. (2018). Child maltreatment and adult depressive symptoms: Roles of self-compassion and gratitude. Child Abuse and Neglect, 80, 62-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2018. 03.013
- Zumbo, B. D., & Kroc, E. (2019). A Measurement Is a Choice and Stevens’ Scales of Measurement Do Not Help Make It: A Response to Chalmers. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 79(6),1184-1197. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164419844305