La inhibición, el autocontrol emocional, la memoria de trabajo y la supervisión ¿predicen las manifestaciones típicas de adultos con TDAH?

  1. Roselló, Belén 1
  2. Berenguer, Carmen 2
  3. Baixauli, Inmaculada 2
  1. 1 Universitat de València
    info

    Universitat de València

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/043nxc105

  2. 2 Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
    info

    Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03d7a9c68

Journal:
International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology: INFAD. Revista de Psicología

ISSN: 0214-9877

Year of publication: 2019

Issue Title: Infancia y Psicología del Desarrollo

Volume: 2

Issue: 1

Pages: 181-192

Type: Article

DOI: 10.17060/IJODAEP.2019.N1.V2.1428 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology: INFAD. Revista de Psicología

Abstract

Introduction. Deficits in inhibition, emotional control, working memory and monitoring have been evidenced in numerous investigations focused on attention déficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but information about its posible differential influence on the characteristic manifestations of the disorder is not very well known. Objectives.The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships and the predictive power of the regulation functions (inhibition and emotional control) and metacognitive functions (working memory and supervisión) in the manifestations of ADHD. Method. Sixty-one Young adults between the ages of 18 and 24 with a combined clinical diagnosis of ADHD subtype in childhood completed the Conners Scale of ADHD Symptoms and the Executive Performance Inventory (BRIEF). Results. Statistically significant relationships were found between inhibition, emotional regulation, working memory and monitoring and the Conners subscales. In addittion, deficits in executive functions were diferentially sensitive in predicting significant ADHD problems. Working memory and supervisión were predictors of attention problems, inhibition prediced self-concept problems and hyperactivity/restlessness while emotional self-control was the best predictor of impulsivity. Conclusions. The assessment of behavioral regulation functions and metacognitive executive functions may assist both in the diagnosis and the follow-up evaluations of treatment of adults with ADHD.

Bibliographic References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
  • Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions:constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychological bulletin, 121(1), 65.
  • Barkley, R.A. (2005). ADHD and the nature of self-control. New York: Guilford.
  • Barkley, R.A, & Fischer, M. (2010). The unique contribution of emotional impulsiveness toimpairment in major life activities in hyperactive children as adults. Journal of the AmericanAcademy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 49, 503–513.
  • Barkley, R. A., Murphy, K. R., & Fischer, M. (2008). ADHD in adults: What the science says. NewYork, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Benavides, A., Quesada, A.B., Romero, M., & Pichardo, M.C (2016). Programas de prevención familiar en edades tempranas. Programa aprender a convivir en casa, una propuesta de intervención.International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD dePsicología., 1(1), 465-474.
  • Biederman, J., Petty, C., Fried, R., Fontanella, J., Doyle, A. E., Seidman, L. J., & Faraone, S. V. (2006).Impact of psychometrically defined deficits of executive functioning in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 1730-1738. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.10.1730.
  • Bigorra, A., Garolera, M., Guijarro, S., & Hervás, A. (2016). Long-term far-transfer effects of workingmemory training in children with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial. European child & adolescent psychiatry, 25(8), 853-867.
  • Boonstra, A. M., Oosterlaan, J., Sergeant, J. A., & Buitelaar, J. K. (2005). Executive functioning in adult ADHD: A metaanalytic review. Psychological Medicine, 35, 1097-1108.
  • Brocki, K. C., Eninger, L., Thorell, L. B., & Bohlin, G. (2010). Interrelations between executive function and symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention in preschoolers: A two year longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38(2), 163-171.
  • Conners, C. K., Erhardt, D., & Sparrow, E. P. (1999). Conners’ adult ADHD rating scales (CAARS): technical manual. North Tonawanda: MHS.
  • Faraone, S.V., Biederman, J., & Mick, E. (2006). The age dependant decline of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis of follow-up studies. Psychological Medicine, 36, 159-165.
  • Faraone, S.V., Biederman, J., Spencer, T., Willens, L.J., Mick, E., & Doyle, A.E. (2000) Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder in adults: an overview. Biological Psychiatry, 48, 9-20.
  • Gambin, M., & wi cicka, M. (2009). Relation between response inhibition and symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity–impulsivity in children. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 48(4), 425-430.
  • García, T., González-Castro, P., Rodriguez, C., Cueli, M., Álvarez, D & Álvarez, L. (2014). Alteraciones del funcionamiento ejecutivo en el trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad y sus subtipos. Psicología Educativa, 20(1), 23-32.
  • Gordon, C.T., & Fabiano, G.A. (2019). The transition of youth with ADHD into theworkforce: Review and future directions. Clinical Child and Family Studies . First on line 06 February, 2019.
  • Hervey, A. S., Epstein, J. N., & Curry, J. F. (2004). Neuropsychology of adults with attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic review. Neuropsychology, 18, 485-503. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.18.3.485.
  • In de Braek, D. J.M., Dijkstra, J.B., Ponds, R.W., & Jolles, J (2017). Goal management training in adults with ADHD: An intervention study. Journal of Attention Disorders, 21(13) 1130 –1137.
  • McCandless, S., & O’Laughlin, L. (2007). The clinical utility of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) in the diagnosis of ADHD. Journal of attention disorders, 10(4), 381-389.
  • Miranda, A., Berenguer, C., Colomer, C., & Roselló, R. (2014). Influence of the symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and comorbid disorders on functioning in adulthood. Psicothema, 26(4), 471-476.
  • Miranda, A., Colomer, C., Fernández, I., & Roselló, R. (2013). Estudio Longitudinal de la evolución del TDAH y problemas asociados en la vida adulta. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology, 1(1), 643-652.
  • Miranda, A., Mercader, J., Fernández, I., & Colomer, C. (2017). Reading performance of young adults with ADHD diagnosed in childhood: Relations with executive functioning. Journal of AttentionDisorders, 21(4), 294 –304. doi: 10.1177/ 1087054713507977.
  • Roth, R. M., Isquith, P. K., & Gioia, G. A. (2005). BRIEF-A: Behavior rating inventory of executive function—adult version: Professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources.
  • Sibley, M.H., Mitchell, J.T., Becker, S.P. (2016). Method of adult diagnosis influences estimated persistence of childhood ADHD: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. The Lancet Psychiatry, 3 (12), 1157-1165.
  • Silverstein, M.J., Faraone, S.V., Leon, T., Biderman, J., Spencer, T.J., & Adler, L. The relationship and predictive value of core ADHD symptoms and executive funtion deficits. Conference Annual Meeting of the American Professionam Society of ADHD and Related Disorders. January 2018
  • Wechsler, D (1999). Wais-III: Escala de Inteligencia de Wechler para adultos. Madrid: TEA Ediciones.
  • Willcutt, E.G., Doyle, A.E., Nigg, J.T., Faraone, S.V., & Pennington, B.F. (2005). Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity dis- order: A meta-analytic review. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1336–1346.
Data source: Dialnet