Perspectivas de desarrollo y ordenación territorial y paisajística de la energía eólica off-shore en España

Abstract

From the beginning of the process of reform of the energy policy of the UE, the landscapes emergent from renewable energies have became the subjet of increasing interest. Spain is characterized by a very successful implementation of the European energy policies and late implantation of landscape policies. Nevertheless, the fast and ill planned development of these energetic projects in country side and extensive surfaces that they occupy, frequently in privileged enclaves, is generating a new sensibility towards the landscapes that is turning into one of the major obstacles for the development of the renewable energies. The aim of this paper is to analyze the situation of the off-shore wind power and existent experiences in terrestrial wind power and landscape management. It extrapolates the knowledge acquired during the process of implantation of this type of projects in land to the sea, in order to propose possible strategies for protection, planning, regulation and public participation to minimize the environmental and landscape effects of the development of the off-shore wind power in Spain. Finally, some strategies of development of the renewable energies will be proposed.