Variación espacio-temporal de los procesos hidrológicos del suelo en viñedos con elevadas pendientes (Valle del Ruwer-Mosela, Alemania)

  1. J. Rodrigo Comino 12
  2. M. Seeger 2
  3. J. M. Senciales González 1
  4. J.D. Ruiz Sinoga 1
  5. J. B. Ries 2
  1. 1 Universidad de Málaga
    info

    Universidad de Málaga

    Málaga, España

    ROR https://ror.org/036b2ww28

  2. 2 University of Trier
    info

    University of Trier

    Tréveris, Alemania

    ROR https://ror.org/02778hg05

Revista:
Cuadernos de investigación geográfica: Geographical Research Letters
  1. Vicente Serrano, Sergio Martín (coord.)

ISSN: 0211-6820,  1697-9540

Año de publicación: 2016

Volumen: 42

Número: 1

Páginas: 281-306

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.18172/CIG.2934 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Cuadernos de investigación geográfica: Geographical Research Letters

Resumen

Los suelos de los viñedos del valle del Ruwer-Mosela (Alemania) cultivados en elevadas pendientes muestran una alta variabilidad espacio-temporal en su dinámica hidrológica. A través del uso del permeámetro de Guelph se realizaron un total de cuarenta y dos experimentos en viñedos jóvenes y viejos para medir las tasas de infiltración, la conductividad hidráulica y el potencial del flujo matricial. Los ensayos fueron realizados antes de la vendimia coincidiendo con la primavera y el verano (con el suelo relativamente seco y sin actividad reciente de pisadas y maquinaria), y tras la cosecha en otoño (con un manto edáfico húmedo, con señales de compactación y un menor contenido de materia orgánica). En general, todos los parámetros analizados fueron mucho más elevados en los viñedos jóvenes que en los viejos y aumentaron tras la vendimia. En las viñas jóvenes los tres parámetros analizados mostraron sus mayores valores en la parte media (398,5  mm h-1 de tasa de infiltración, 89,2 mm h-1 de conductividad hidráulica y 62,8 mm2 h-1 de potencial del flujo matricial). Por su parte, en las viñas viejas se observó un descenso de la infiltración desde la parte superior a la inferior de la parcela (desde 42,5 a 16,8 mm h-1). Los resultados de la conductividad hidráulica y el potencial del flujo matricial marcaron también una dinámica hidrológica parecida: descenso de los parámetros conforme se desciende en la parcela (13,2 a 5,4 mm h-1 y desde 5,5 a 2,5 mm2 h-1). Por ultimo, se observó cómo el factor que mayor coeficiente de determinación obtuvo con estas dinámicas hidrológicas fue la variación del contenido de agua en el suelo y las prácticas agrícolas.

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