Malestar psicológico y estrés durante el confinamiento por la pandemia de covid-19Estudio comparativo entre deportistas y no deportistas

  1. López-Gutiérrez, Carlos J. 1
  2. Pau Vaccaro Benet 1
  3. Jesús Díaz Rosado 1
  4. Manuel Castro-Sánchez 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Granada
    info

    Universidad de Granada

    Granada, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04njjy449

Journal:
Revista iberoamericana de psicología del ejercicio y el deporte

ISSN: 1886-8576

Year of publication: 2021

Volume: 16

Issue: 4

Type: Article

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

More publications in: Revista iberoamericana de psicología del ejercicio y el deporte

Abstract

Background and objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic situation has led to severe restrictions, including mandatory home confinement. Sport as a means to reduce stress and psychological discomfort results in the following research that aims to compare the state of psychological discomfort and stress during this period of confinement, of a group of people, based on their level of sporting activity and sex. Material and Method: we use a descriptive, cross-sectional design; A relational study is developed to analyze the degree of dependence between the variables sex and level of sports practice with stress and psychological discomfort, for this we have used the scale of perceived stress and that of psychological discomfort of Kessler, with a sample composed of a total of 660 participants (301 women [45.6%] and 359 men [54.4%]). Results: Significant differences were found in the study groups according to the level of sports practice, as well as their sex, referring to psychological discomfort and stress levels. Conclusions: It is concluded that confinement during the pandemic is associated with significantly high levels of psychological distress and stress that can reach the threshold of clinical relevance. Lower scores at higher athletic level.

Bibliographic References

  • Babore, A., Lombardi, L., Viceconti, M. L., Pignataro, S., Marino, V., Crudele, M., Candelori, C., Bramanti, S. M., y Trumello, C. (2020). Psychological effects of the COVID-2019 pandemic: Perceived stress and coping strategies among healthcare professionals. Psychiatry Research, 293, 113366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113366.
  • Carratalá Bellod, H. (2020). Estrés, estrategias de afrontamiento y personalidad resiliente en deportistas y su relación con el rendimiento académico y deportivo. Tesis de doctorado. Universidad de Valencia. Roderic: Repositori de Contingut Lliure.
  • Castro Sánchez, M., Chacón Cuberos, R., Zurita Ortega, F., y Espejo Garcés, T. (2016). Niveles de resiliencia en base a modalidad deportiva, nivel y lesiones deportivas. Retos, 29, 162-165.
  • Castro-Sánchez, M., Lara-Sánchez, A. J., Zurita-Ortega, F., y Chacón-Cuberos, R. (2019). Motivation, Anxiety, and Emotional Intelligence Are Associated with the Practice of Contact and Non-Contact Sports: An Explanatory Model. Sustainability, 11, 4256.
  • Chacón-Cuberos, R., Zurita-Ortega, F., García-Marmol, E., y Castro-Sánchez, M. (2019). Autoconcepto multidimensional según práctica deportiva en estudiantes universitarios de Educación Física de Andalucía. Retos, 37, 174-180.
  • Chao, M., Chen, X., Liu, T., Yang, H., y Hall, B. J. (2020). Psychological distress and state boredom during the COVID-19 outbreak in China: the role of meaning in life and media use. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 11:1, 1769379. https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2020.1769379.
  • Chen, Q., Nie, G., Yan, B., y Huang, Y. (2020) Mental health burden for Chinese middle school students affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 54, 102251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102251.
  • Cooke, J. E., Eirich, R., Racine, N., y Madigan, S. (2020) Prevalence of posttraumatic and general psychological stress during COVID-19: A rapid review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Research, 292, 113347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113347.
  • Cosma, G., Chiracu, A., Stepan, R., Cosma, A., Nanu, C., y Păunescu, C. (2020). Impact of coping strategies on sport performance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 20. 1380-1385. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.03190.
  • Flores Moreno, P. J., Pérez Ruvalcaba, S. L., Salazar C, C. M., Manzo Lozano, E. G., López Gutiérrez, C. J., Barajas Pineda, L. T., y Medina Mendoza, E. J. (2017). Fuentes, síntomas y estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés-competitivo en nadadores. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 26 (2), 199-209.
  • George, E. S., Jorm, L., Kolt, G. S., Bambrick H. y Lujic, S. (2012). Physical Activity and Psychological Distress in Older Men: Findings from the New South Wales 45 and Up Study. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 20, 300-316.
  • González Insua, F., Rodríguez Espínola, S., y Delfino, G. (2020). Ejercicio físico y malestar psicológico en población argentina. PHYKHE, 29(2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.2.1427.
  • Hiremath, P., Kowshik, S., Manjunath, M., Shettar, M. (2020). COVID 19: Impact of lock-down on mental health and tips to overcome. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102088.
  • Husky, M. M., Kovess-Masfety, V., Swendsen, J. D. (2020) Stress and anxiety among university students in France during Covid-19 mandatory confinement. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 102, 152191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152191.
  • Liang, L., Ren, H., Cao, R. (2020). The Effect of COVID-19 on Youth Mental Health Psychiatr Q, 91, 841–852. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-020-09744-3.
  • Mi, L., Jiang, Y., Xuan, H., y Zhou, Y. (2020). Mental health and psychological impact of COVID-19: Potential high-risk factors among different groups. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 53, 102212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102212.
  • Mitic, P., Nedeljković, J., Takšić, V., Sporis, G., Stojiljkovic, N., y Milčić, L. (2020). Sports performance as a moderator of the relationship between coping strategy and emotional intelligence. Kinesiology. 52. https://doi.org/10.26582/k.52.2.15.
  • Nanjundaswamy, M. H., Pathak, H., Chaturvedi, S. K. (2020). Perceived stress and anxiety during COVID-19 among psychiatry trainees. Asian Journal of Psychiatry. 54, 102282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102282.
  • Odriozola-González, P., Planchuelo-Gómez, A., Irurtia, M. J., y de Luis-García, R. (2020). Psychological effects of the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown among students and workers of a Spanish university. Psychiatry Research, 290, 113108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113108.
  • Peng, M., Mo, B., Liu, Y., Xu, M., Song, X., Liu, L., Fang, Y., Guo, T., Ye, J., Yu, Z., Deng, Q., y Zhang, X. (2020). Prevalence, risk factors and clinical correlates of depression in quarantined population during the COVID-19 outbreak. Journal of Affective Disorders, 275, 119-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.035.
  • Perales F., Pozo-Cruz, J. D., y Pozo-Cruz, B. D. (2014). Impact of physical activity on psychological distress: a prospective analysis of an Australian national sample. Am J Public Health. Dec;104(12): e91-7. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302169
  • Pieh, C., Budimir, S., y Probst, T. (2020) The effect of age, gender, income, work, and physical activity on mental health during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdown in Austria. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 136, 110186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110186.
  • Power, K. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the care burden of women and families. Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 16 (1), 67–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2020.1776561.
  • Kessler, R. C., Andrews, G., Colpe, L. J., Hiripi, E., Mroczek, D. K., Normand, S. L., Walters, E. E., Zaslavsky, A. M. (2002). Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychological Medicine. 32(6), 959-76.
  • Ran, L., Wang, W., Ai, M., Kong, Y., Chen, J., y Kuang, L. (2020). Psychological resilience, depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms in response to COVID-19: A study of the general population in China at the peak of its epidemic. Social Science & Medicine, 262, 113261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113261.
  • Remor, E., y Carrobles, J. A. (2001). Versión Española de la Escala de Estrés Percibido (PSS-14): Estudio psicométrico en una muestra VIH+ [Spanish version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14): Psychometric study in a HIV+ sample]. Ansiedad y Estrés, 7(2-3), 195–201.
  • Xiong, J., Lipsitz, O., Nasri, Flora; Lui, L. M. W., Gill, H., Phan, L., Chen-Li, D., Iacobucci, M., Ho, R., Majeed, A., McIntyre, R. S. (2020) Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol 277, 55-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.001.
  • Zhao, K., Zhang, G., Feng, R., Wang, W., Xu, D., Liu, Y., y Chen, L. (2020). Anxiety, depression and insomnia: A cross-sectional study of frontline staff fighting against COVID-19 in Wenzhou, China. Psychiatry Research, 292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113304.
Data source: Dialnet