Night-shift work and breast and prostate cancer riskupdating the evidence from epidemiological studies

  1. Salamanca-Fernández, E. 1
  2. Rodríguez-Barranco, M. 2
  3. Guevara, M. 3
  4. Ardanaz, E. 3
  5. Olry de Labry Lima, A. 2
  6. Sánchez, M.J. 2
  1. 1 CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública
  2. 2 Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA. University Hospitals of Granada/University of Granada, Granada, Spain CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
  3. 3 CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
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Revista:
Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra

ISSN: 1137-6627

Año de publicación: 2018

Volumen: 41

Número: 2

Páginas: 211-226

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.23938/ASSN.0307 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra

Resumen

Se ha formulado la hipótesis de que la disrupción circadiana está relacionada con un mayor riesgo de cáncer. Desde que la Agencia Internacional de Investigación sobre el Cáncer clasificó la disrupción circadiana asociada al trabajo por turnos como “probablemente carcinógeno para los humanos” (Grupo 2A) se han llevado a cabo numerosos estudios para confirmar o rechazar esta hipótesis. Por esa razón, el objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue analizar la posible asociación entre el trabajo nocturno por turnos y el riesgo de cáncer de mama o próstata.Se incluyeron treinta y tres estudios epidemiológicos sobre la relación entre el riesgo de padecer cáncer de mama (n = 26) o próstata (n = 8) y el trabajo nocturno; un estudio evaluó ambas localizaciones. El riesgo de sesgo de los artículos se evaluó mediante la escala Newcastle-Ottawa. Los estudios incluidos en esta revisión fueron heterogéneos respecto a población incluida (población general, enfermeras a turnos, y otros), medida de la exposición a trabajo nocturno (siempre vs nunca, a corto vs largo plazo, a turnos o fijo) y, por tanto, los hallazgos fueron variados incluso para el mismo tipo de cáncer. En resumen, un 62,5% de los estudios encontraron asociación entre el trabajo nocturno y el riesgo aumentado de padecer cáncer, tanto de mama como de próstata. El riesgo de sesgo medio fue de 7,5 estrellas sobre 9. Debido a las limitaciones inherentes a estos estudios, la evidencia de una posible asociación entre el trabajo nocturno y el riesgo de cáncer de mama o próstata sigue siendo incierta, por lo que se requieren más estudios epidemiológicos con mayor control de la exposición y de los factores de confusión. No obstante, parece aconsejable la aplicación del principio de precaución.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet