Food security, trade specialization, and violence in Colombia (1916-2016)

  1. Alexander Urrego-Mesa 1
  1. 1 Universitat de Barcelona
    info

    Universitat de Barcelona

    Barcelona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/021018s57

Revista:
Investigaciones de Historia Económica = Economic History Research

ISSN: 1698-6989

Año de publicación: 2021

Volumen: 17

Número: 4

Páginas: 1-15

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.33231/J.IHE.2021.08.001 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Investigaciones de Historia Económica = Economic History Research

Resumen

Los enfoques socioeconómicos e históricos pueden contribuir a la comprensión de la relación entre la seguridad alimentaria, el comercio agrícola y los conflictos armados en los países en desarrollo. Mientras que la perspectiva basada en el mercado defiende que el comercio es una forma útil de mantener la seguridad alimentaria a nivel nacional, otros trabajos sugieren que la liberalización comercial y la especialización agroexportadora han amenazado la seguridad alimentaria desde la década de 1980, especialmente la capacidad de autosuficiencia. En Colombia, este cambio agrario hacia la especialización agroexportadora y la dependencia alimentaria también se ha relacionado con el surgimiento de la segunda ola de violencia (c. 1980). ¿Hubo dicotomía entre comercio y autosuficiencia a lo largo del siglo xx en Colombia? ¿Contribuyó el conflicto armado a la especialización agroexportadora durante la Segunda Globalización? Este trabajo contribuye al debate dicotómico entre seguridad alimentaria y comercio agrícola con una visión más matizada de su relación a lo largo del siglo xx y confirma la relación de largo plazo que va desde la violencia y los precios internacionales hacia la especialización tropical.

€ Ver financiación

Información de financiación

I want to thank Juan Infante-Amate and Enric Tello for their revisions on all drafts I sent to them; to Xabier Garcia-Fuente and M. José Fuentes-Vasquez for their thoughtful talks which helped me to define the frame of the paper; to Simone Ging-rich and Fridolin Krausmann for their helpful comments on the last versions. I would like to address special thanks to Sergio Lozano-Pérez for his guidance and advice in the modelling process. The last version was also significantly improved thanks to the comments of the three anonymous reviewers of the journal. This paper was awarded R. Carande 2021 prize and is part of the Authors’ PhD dissertation, funded by the Spanish projects RTI2018-093970-B-C33, MCIU/AEI/FEDER-UE and its associated grant BES-2016-076599.

Financiadores

  • FEDER
    • RTI2018-093970-B-C33
  • MCIU Spain
    • RTI2018-093970-B-C33
  • AEI Spain
    • RTI2018-093970-B-C33

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Arias, M. A., Ibáñez, A. M. and Zambrano, A. (2019). “Agricultural production amid conflict: Separating the effects of conflict into shocks and uncertainty”, World Development, 119, 165-184.
  • Ballvé, T. (2012). “Everyday state formation: territory, decentralization, and the narco landgrab in Colombia”, Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 30 (4), 603-622. Available at: https://doi. org/10.1068/d4611
  • Ballvé, T. (2020). The frontier effect: State formation and violence in Colombia. Cornell University Press.
  • Barrett, C. B. (2010). “Measuring food insecurity”, Science, 327 (5967), 825-828.
  • Bejarano, J. A. (2011). Antología Jesús Antonio Bejarano. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Vicerrectoría Académica, Editorial.
  • Bértola, L. and Ocampo, J. A. (2012). The economic development of Latin America since independence. Oxford University Press.
  • Clapp, J. (2017). “Food self-sufficiency: Making sense of it, and when it makes sense”, Food Policy, 66, 88-96. Available at: https://doi. org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2016.12.001
  • Collier, P., Collier, P., Elliott, V. L., Hegre, H., Hoeffler, A., Reynal-Querol, M. and Sambanis N. (2003). Breaking the conflict trap: Civil war and development policy. Washington DC: World Bank Publications.
  • Cárdenas, E., Ocampo, J. and Thorp, R. (2000a). An Economic History of Twentieth-Century Latin America: Industrialization and the State in Latin America: The Postwar Years (Vol. 3). Springer.
  • Cárdenas, E., Ocampo, J. and Thorp, R. (2000b). An Economic History of Twentieth-Century Latin America: The Export Age (Vol. 1). Springer.
  • Dithmer, J. and Abdulai, A. (2017). “Does trade openness contribute to food security? A dynamic panel analysis”, Food Policy, 69, 218-230. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.04.008
  • Dorosh, P. A. (2001). “Trade liberalization and national food security: Rice trade between Bangladesh and India”, World Development, 29 (4), 673-689. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0305-750x(00) 00121-2
  • Espectador, E. (2009). Agro ingreso seguro: resultados de la búsqueda “agro ingreso seguro”. Retrieved 2021-05-25, from http://www. elespectador.com/tags/agro-ingreso-seguro
  • Fader, M., Gerten, D., Krause, M., Lucht, W. and Cramer, W. (2013). “Spatial decoupling of agricultural production and consumption: quantifying dependences of countries on food imports due to domestic land and water constraints”, Environmental Research Letters, 8 (1), 014046. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748- 9326/8/1/014046
  • Falconí, F., Ramos-Martin, J. and Cango, P. (2017). “Caloric unequal exchange in Latin America and the Caribbean”, Ecological Economics, 134, 140-149. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/ j. ecolecon.2017.01.009
  • Feenstra, R. and Taylor, A. (2017). International trade (Fourth Edition ed.). McMillan Learning.
  • Flórez Nieto, C. E. and Méndez, R. (2000). Las trasformaciones sociodemográficas en Colombia durante el siglo xx. Bogotá: Tercer Mundo Editores.
  • Fogel, R. W. (2004). The escape from hunger and premature death, 1700- 2100: Europe, America, and the Third World (Vol. 38). Cambridge University Press.
  • Grajales, J. (2011). “The rifle and the title: paramilitary violence, land grab and land control in Colombia”, Journal of Peasant Studies, 38 (4) , 771-792. Available at: https://doi .org/10.1080/ 03066150.2011.607701
  • Grajales, J. (2013). “State involvement, land grabbing and counter-insurgency in Colombia”, Development and Change, 44 (2), 211-232. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/dech.12019
  • Grajales, J. (2021). Agrarian Capitalism, War and Peace in Colombia: Beyond Dispossession. Routledge.
  • Gutiérrez-Sanín, F. (2019). Clientelistic Warfare: Paramilitaries and the State in Colombia (1982-2007). Peter Lang.
  • Gutiérrez-Sanín, F. and Vargas, J. (2017). “Agrarian elite participation in Colombia’s civil war”, Journal of Agrarian Change, 17 (4), 739-748. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/joac.12235
  • Guzmán, G., Aguilera, E., Soto Fernández, D., Cid, A., Infante Amate, J., García Ruiz, R. and Gonzalez de Molina, M. (2014). Methodology and conversion factors to estimate the net primary productivity of historical and contemporary agroecosystems. Documentos de Trabajo de la Sociedad Española de Historia Agraria, 1407.
  • Hendrix, C. and Brinkman, H. J. (2013). “Food insecurity and conflict dynamics: Causal linkages and complex feedbacks”, Stability: International Journal of Security and Development, 2 (2).
  • Infante-Amate, J., Urrego-Mesa, A. and Tello Aragay, E. (2020). “Las venas abiertas de América Latina en la era del Antropoceno: un estudio biofísico del comercio exterior (1900-2016)”, Diálogos Revista Electrónica de Historia, 21 (2), 177-214. Available at: https:// doi.org/10.15517/ DRE.V21I2.39736
  • Kalmanovitz, S. and López, E. (2006). La agricultura colombiana en el siglo XX. Mexico DF: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
  • Kalmanovitz, S., López, E. and Romero, C. A. (1999). La producción agropecuaria colombiana 1915-1950 (Tech. Rep. No. 116). Bogotá: Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  • Kumar Sharma, S. (2016). The WTO and Food Security. Implications for Developing Countries. Singapore: Springer.
  • LeGrand, C. (1986). Frontier expansion and peasant protest in Colombia, 1850-1936. University of New Mexico Press.
  • Lütkepohl, H. (2005). New introduction to multiple time series analysis. Springer Science and Business Media.
  • Machado, A. (1991). “La industria agroalimentaria”, in Machado A. (ed.). Problemas agrarios colombianos. Bogotá: Siglo XXI, pp. 17-48.
  • Maher, D. (2015). “Rooted in violence: Civil war, international trade and the expansion of palm oil in Colombia”, New Political Economy, 20 (2), 299-330. Available at: https://doi.org/https://doi. org/10.1080/ 13563467.2014.923825
  • McMichael, P. (2013). Food regimes and agrarian questions. Fernwood Publishing Halifax.
  • Meisel, A. and Vega, M. (2007). “The biological standard of living (and its convergence) in Colombia, 1870-2003: A tropical success story”, Economics and Human Biology, 5 (1), 100-122. Available at: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2006.10.004
  • Messer, E. and Cohen, M. J. (2007). “Conflict, food insecurity and globalization”, Food, Culture and Society, 10 (2), 297-315. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2752/155280107X211458
  • Messer, E., Cohen, M. J. and Marchione, T. (2002). Conflict: A cause and effect of hunger, environmental change and security project report (Tech. Rep.). Food and Agriculture Organization. United Nations.
  • Norberg, M. B. (2019). The Political Economy of Agrarian Change in Latin America: Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. Springer.
  • Ocampo, J. A. (1989). “Los orígenes de la industria cafetera, 1830-1929”, Nueva Historia de Colombia, 5, 213-232.
  • Ocampo, J. A (ed.). (1994). Historia económica de Colombia. México: Tercer Mundo Editores.
  • O’Hagan, J. P. (1976). “National self-sufficiency in food”, Food Policy, 1 (5), 355-366.
  • O’Rourke, K. H. and Williamson, J. G. (1999). Globalization and history: the evolution of a nineteenth-century Atlantic economy. MIT Press.
  • Palacios, M. (1983). El café en Colombia, 1850-1970: una historia económica, social y política. Bogotá: Áncora.
  • Patel-Campillo, A. (2010). “Agro-export specialization and food security in a sub-national context: The case of Colombian cut flowers”, Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3 (2), 279-294. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsq011
  • Peña-Huertas, R., Ruiz, L. E., Parada, M., Zuleta, S. and Álvarez, R. (2017). “Legal dispossession and civil war in Colombia”, Journal of Agrarian Change, 17 (4), 759-769. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/ joac.12233
  • Porkka, M., Kummu, M., Siebert, S. and Varis, O. (2013). “From food insufficiency towards trade dependency: a historical analysis of global food availability”, PloS one, 8 (12). Available at: https://doi. org/10.1371/journal.pone.0082714
  • Richani, N. (2002). Systems of violence: the political economy of war and peace in Colombia. State University of New York Press.
  • Richani, N. (2012). “The agrarian rentier political economy: land concentration and food insecurity in Colombia”, Latin American Research Review, 51-78. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1353/ lar.2012.0025
  • Rincón-Ruiz, A., Correa, H. L., León, D. O. and Williams, S. (2016). “Coca cultivation and crop eradication in Colombia: The challenges of integrating rural reality into effective anti-drug policy”, International Journal of Drug Policy, 33, 56-65. Available at: https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.06.011
  • Runge, C. F., Senauer, B., Pardey, P. G. and Rosegrant, M. W. (2003). Ending hunger in our lifetime: Food security and globalization. International Food Policy Research Institution.
  • Safford, F. and Palacios, M. (2002). Colombia: Fragmented land, divided society. Oxford University Press. Segovia, A. (2017). The relationships between food security and violent conflicts: The case of Colombia (Tech. Rep. No. 17-06). Rome: FAO.
  • Shettima, F. A., Zakaree, S., Sa’ad, S. and Shettima, Y. A. (2019). “Impact of Cereals Production and Cross-border Trade on Food Security in Nigeria: A Time Series Analysis between 1986 and 2017”, Journal of Economics, Management and Trade, 1-9. Available at: https://doi. org/10.9734/jemt/2019/v25i230189
  • Soto, D., Infante-Amate, J., Guzmán, G. I., Cid, A., Aguilera, E., García, R. and González de Molina, M. (2016). “The social metabolism of biomass in Spain, 1900-2008: From food to feed-oriented changes in the agro-ecosystems”, Ecological Economics, 128, 130-138. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.04.017
  • The Special Rapporteur (2020). Report of the special rapporteur on the right to food to the human rights council on critical perspective on food systems, food crises and the future of the right to food (Tech. Rep. No. A/HRC/43/44).
  • Urrego, A. and Fuentes, M. J. (2016). “Introducción a las fuentes de la historia económica: el fondo documental de la Casa América-Barcelona”, in Nuevas perspectivas en la investigación docente de la historia económica. Santander: Editorial de la Universidad de Cantabria, pp. 293-326.
  • Urrego-Mesa, A., Infante-Amate, J. and Tello, E. (2019). “Pastures and Cash Crops: Biomass Flows in the Socio-Metabolic Transition of Twentieth-Century Colombian Agriculture”, Sustainability, 11 (1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11010117
  • Vargas, J. and Uribe, S. (2017). “State, war, and land dispossession: The multiple paths to land concentration”, Journal of Agrarian Change, 17 (4), 749-758. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/joac.12237
  • Villaveces N., J. and Sánchez, F. (2014). Tendencias históricas y regionales de la adjudicación de baldíos en Colombia 1900-2012 (Documentos CEDE, Tech. Rep.). Bogotá: Universidad de los Andes.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet