Effects of a 4-week multicomponent exercise program (Vivifrail) on physical frailty and functional disability in older adults living in nursing homes

  1. Buendía Romero, Ángel 1
  2. Silverio, García-Conesa 1
  3. Pallarés, Jesús G. 1
  4. Courel-Ibáñez, Javier 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Murcia
    info

    Universidad de Murcia

    Murcia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03p3aeb86

Journal:
Cuadernos de psicología del deporte

ISSN: 1578-8423,  1989-5879

Year of publication: 2020

Volume: 20

Issue: 3

Pages: 74-81

Type: Article

DOI: 10.6018/CPD.420291 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDIGITUM editor

More publications in: Cuadernos de psicología del deporte

Abstract

This study determined the effects of a 4-week individualized multicomponent exercise program (Vivifrail) on physical frailty and functional disability in older adults living in nursing homes.Fourteen institutionalized older adults (aged 81.7 ± 9.7 years) volunteered to completed 4 weeks of the individualized Vivifrail exercise program (5 days a week) according to their initial level:A, disability; B, frailty; C, pre-frailty and D, robust. Training sessions were directed by strength and conditioning trainers. Eleven participants completed the pre and post evaluations with very high levels of attendance (96% of the training sessions). Functional capacity (SPPB scores) significantly improved in all the participants (+48.2%, p< 0.001) and tests: sit-to-stand (24.1% faster, p= 0.003), gait speed 4 m (9.8% faster,p= 0.033) and 6 m (7.2% faster, p = 0.017) and Up and Go (11.2% faster, p= 0.004). Disability and sarcopenia decreased significantly (SARC-F, p= 0.026; Lawton index, p= 0.013). People with initial levels of disability (A), frailty (B) and pre-fragility (C) shown the greatest improvements. Six of the nine participants who started with physical frailty or pre-frailty status (66.7%) reversed this condition after the intervention. In addition, 33% of participants with disability, who were unable to perform the functional tests (sit-stand and walk), became able to complete them after the intervention. These important benefits found in such a shorter period of time (4 weeks) could be related to three key elements: individualization of the program, daily frequency and face-to-face coaching motivation by physical conditioning professionals.

€ View funding

Funding information

This study was funded by the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia, Regional Program for the Promotion of Scientific and Technical Research (Action Plan 2018), Seneca Foundation-Agency of Science and Technology, Region of Murcia (ID: 20872/PI/18).

Funders

Bibliographic References

  • Bodine, S. C. (2013). Disuse-induced muscle wasting. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 45(10), 2200–2208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2013.06.011
  • Cadore, E. L., Casas-Herrero, A., Zambom-Ferraresi, F., Idoate, F., Millor, N., Gómez, M., Rodriguez-Mañas, L., & Izquierdo, M. (2014). Multicomponent exercises including muscle power training enhance muscle mass, power output, and functional outcomes in institutionalized frail nonagenarians. Age, 36(2), 773–785. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-013-9586-z
  • Cano, A., Dargent, G., Carriazo, A., López-Samaniego, L., Apostolo, J., Campos, E., Holland, C., Varela-Nieto, I., Luz Sánchez-Sánchez, M., Illario, M., Iaccarino, G., Roller, R. E., Goossens, E., Vollenbroek-Hutten, M., Pais, S., Schena, F., Musian, D., Alvino, S., Maggio, M., … Obbia, P. (2018). Tackling frailty and functional decline: Background of the action group A3 of the European innovation partnership for active and healthy ageing. Maturitas, 115, 69–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.06.009
  • Cesari, M., Prince, M., Thiyagarajan, J. A., De Carvalho, I. A., Bernabei, R., Chan, P., Gutierrez-Robledo, L. M., Michel, J.-P., Morley, J. E., Ong, P., Rodriguez Manas, L., Sinclair, A., Won, C. W., Beard, J., & Vellas, B. (2016). Frailty: An Emerging Public Health Priority. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 17(3), 188–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2015.12.016
  • Courel-Ibáñez, J., & Pallarés, J. G. (2019). Effects of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation in addition to multicomponent exercise in adults older than 70 years living in nursing homes, a cluster randomized placebo-controlled trial: the HEAL study protocol. BMC Geriatrics, 19(1), 188. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1200-5
  • Courel-Ibáñez, Vetrovsky, Dadova, Pallarés, & Steffl. (2019). Health Benefits of β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Supplementation in Addition to Physical Exercise in Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 11(9), 2082. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092082
  • de Souto Barreto, P., Morley, J. E., Chodzko-Zajko, W., H. Pitkala, K., Weening-Djiksterhuis, E., Rodriguez-Mañas, L., Barbagallo, M., Rosendahl, E., Sinclair, A., Landi, F., Izquierdo, M., Vellas, B., & Rolland, Y. (2016). Recommendations on Physical Activity and Exercise for Older Adults Living in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Taskforce Report. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 17(5), 381–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAMDA.2016.01.021
  • Fairhall, N., Sherrington, C., Lord, S. R., Kurrle, S. E., Langron, C., Lockwood, K., Monaghan, N., Aggar, C., & Cameron, I. D. (2014). Effect of a multifactorial, interdisciplinary intervention on risk factors for falls and fall rate in frail older people: A randomised controlled trial. Age and Ageing, 43(5), 616–622. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/aft204
  • Freiberger, E., Häberle, L., Spirduso, W. W., & Rixt Zijlstra, G. A. (2012). Long‐term effects of three multicomponent exercise interventions on physical performance and fall‐related psychological outcomes in community‐dwelling older adults: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60(3), 437–446. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03859.x
  • García-Molina, R., Ruíz-Grao, M. C., Noguerón-García, A., Martínez-Reig, M., Esbrí-Víctor, M., Izquierdo, M., & Abizanda, P. (2018). Benefits of a multicomponent Falls Unit-based exercise program in older adults with falls in real life. Experimental Gerontology, 110, 79–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2018.05.013
  • Gutiérrez-Valencia, M., Izquierdo, M., Lacalle-Fabo, E., Marín-Epelde, I., Ramón-Espinoza, M. F., Domene-Domene, T., Casas-Herrero, Á., Galbete, A., & Martínez-Velilla, N. (2018). Relationship between frailty, polypharmacy, and underprescription in older adults living in nursing homes. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 74(7), 961–970. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-018-2452-2
  • INE. (2013). Población residente en establecimientos colectivos.
  • Izquierdo, M. (2019). Multicomponent physical exercise program: Vivifrail. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 36(Ext2), 50–56. https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.02680
  • Izquierdo, M., Casas-Herrero, A., Zambm-Ferraresi, F., Martínez-Velilla, N., Alonso-Bouzón, C., Rodríguez-Mañas, L., & VIVIFRAIL. (2017). A Practical Guide for Prescribing a Multi-Component Physical Training Program to prevent weakness and falls in People over 70. http://www.vivifrail.com/resources/send/3-documents/21-guide
  • Izquierdo, M., Rodriguez-Mañas, L., Casas-Herrero, A., Martinez-Velilla, N., Cadore, E. L., & Sinclair, A. J. (2016). Is It Ethical Not to Precribe Physical Activity for the Elderly Frail? Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 17(9), 779–781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2016.06.015
  • Lopez, P., Izquierdo, M., Radaelli, R., Shurzzi, G., Grazioli, R., Pinto, R. S., & Cadore, E. L. (2017). Effectiveness of Multimodal Training on Functional Capacity in Frail Older People: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controls Trials. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2017-0188
  • Martínez-Velilla, N., Casas-Herrero, A., Zambom-Ferraresi, F., Sáez de Asteasu, M. L., Lucia, A., Galbete, A., García-Baztán, A., Alonso-Renedo, J., González-Glaría, B., Gonzalo-Lázaro, M., Apezteguía Iráizoz, I., Gutiérrez-Valencia, M., Rodríguez-Mañas, L., & Izquierdo, M. (2019). Effect of Exercise Intervention on Functional Decline in Very Elderly Patients During Acute Hospitalization. JAMA Internal Medicine, 179(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.4869
  • Morley, J. E., Vellas, B., van Kan, G. A., Anker, S. D., Bauer, J. M., Bernabei, R., Cesari, M., Chumlea, W. C., Doehner, W., Evans, J., Fried, L. P., Guralnik, J. M., Katz, P. R., Malmstrom, T. K., McCarter, R. J., Gutierrez Robledo, L. M., Rockwood, K., von Haehling, S., Vandewoude, M. F., & Walston, J. (2013). Frailty consensus: a call to action. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 14(6), 392–397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2013.03.022
  • O’Caoimh, R., Galluzzo, L., Rodríguez-Laso, Á., Van der Heyden, J., Ranhoff, A. H., Lamprini-Koula, M., Ciutan, M., López-Samaniego, L., Carcaillon-Bentata, L., Kennelly, S., Liew, A., & Work Package 5 of the Joint Action ADVANTAGE. (2018). Prevalence of frailty at population level in European ADVANTAGE Joint Action Member States: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Annali Dell’Istituto Superiore Di Sanita, 54(3), 226–238. https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_18_03_10
  • Richardson, D. L., Duncan, M. J., Jimenez, A., Juris, P. M., & Clarke, N. D. (2019). Effects of movement velocity and training frequency of resistance exercise on functional performance in older adults: a randomised controlled trial. European Journal of Sport Science, 19(2), 234–246. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1497709
  • Sáez de Asteasu, M. L., Martínez-Velilla, N., Zambom-Ferraresi, F., Ramírez-Vélez, R., García-Hermoso, A., Cadore, E. L., Casas-Herrero, Á., Galbete, A., & Izquierdo, M. (2020). Changes in muscle power after usual care or early structured exercise intervention in acutely hospitalized older adults. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, jcsm.12564. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12564
  • Santos-Eggimann, B., Cuenoud, P., Spagnoli, J., & Junod, J. (2009). Prevalence of Frailty in Middle-Aged and Older Community-Dwelling Europeans Living in 10 Countries. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 64A(6), 675–681. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glp012
  • Tarazona-Santabalbina, F. J., Gómez-Cabrera, M. C., Pérez-Ros, P., Martínez-Arnau, F. M., Cabo, H., Tsaparas, K., Salvador-Pascual, A., Rodriguez-Mañas, L., & Viña, J. (2016). A Multicomponent Exercise Intervention that Reverses Frailty and Improves Cognition, Emotion, and Social Networking in the Community-Dwelling Frail Elderly: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 17(5), 426–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2016.01.019
  • Travers, J., Romero-Ortuno, R., Bailey, J., & Cooney, M. T. (2019). Delaying and reversing frailty: a systematic review of primary care interventions. British Journal of General Practice, 69(678), e61–e69. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp18X700241
  • Valenzuela, P. L., Castillo-García, A., Morales, J. S., Izquierdo, M., Serra-Rexach, J. A., Santos-Lozano, A., & Lucia, A. (2019). Physical exercise in the oldest old. Comprehensive Physiology, 9(4), 1281–1304. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c190002
  • WHO (2016). World Health Statistics 2016: Monitoring health for the SDGs.
  • Yan, T., Wilber, K. H., & Simmons, W. J. (2011). Motivating high-risk older adults to exercise: Does coaching matter? Home Health Care Services Quarterly, 30(2), 84–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621424.2011.569670
Data source: Dialnet