Personal and Family Childhood Predictors of Functional Outcomes of Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder

  1. Belén Roselló 1
  2. Álvaro Mira 1
  3. Carmen Berenguer 1
  4. Inmaculada Baixauli 2
  5. Ana Miranda 1
  1. 1 Universitat de València
    info

    Universitat de València

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/043nxc105

  2. 2 Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
    info

    Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03d7a9c68

Revista:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915 1886-144X

Año de publicación: 2022

Volumen: 34

Número: 4

Páginas: 508-517

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.7334/PSICOTHEMA2022.81 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Psicothema

Resumen

El presente estudio exploró variables del niño y familiares que predicen el funcionamiento conductual/ emocional, adaptativo y transición a la Secundaria de adolescentes con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Método: se evaluó a 45 individuos con TEA sin discapacidad intelectual en la infancia y casi 5 años después, recogiendo información del niño (funciones ejecutivas, teoría de la mente, y síntomas de autismo), y de padres (estrés, apoyo social, estrategias de afrontamiento). Resultados: las funciones ejecutivas predijeron adaptación académica y dificultades en la adolescencia, mientras que la teoría de la mente predijo resultados en socialización y habilidades de la vida diaria. Los síntomas de autismo tuvieron valor predictivo en los cuatro dominios de resultados. El nivel educativo, el estrés de los padres y el apoyo social predijeron la socialización, mientras que la implicación predijo las habilidades de la vida diaria. Conclusiones: los hallazgos tienen connotaciones para la evaluación e intervención en autismo. Los programas en funciones ejecutivas y en teoría de la mente mejorarían resultados conductuales/emocionales, adaptativos y ajuste escolar. Además, el estudio señala la necesidad de incluir en las intervenciones con familias principios de paternidad positiva y de análisis conductual, junto con apoyo parental, manejo del estrés y estrategias de afrontamiento.

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