Enfermedad plus en la retinopatía del prematuro de gestación múltipleAnálisis de riesgo

  1. J.L. García-Serrano
  2. M.C. Ramírez-García
  3. R. Piñar-Molina
Revista:
Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmologia

ISSN: 0365-6691

Año de publicación: 2009

Volumen: 84

Número: 4

Páginas: 191-198

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.4321/S0365-66912009000400005 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmologia

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados con la enfermedad plus en la retinopatía del prematuro (ROP). Método: En los últimos 8,5 años, realizamos un estudio prospectivo sobre la ROP en gemelos y trillizos. Cincuenticuatro prematuros nacidos de parto múltiple con peso (≤1500 gr) y edad gestacional (≤32 semanas). Resultados: Los factores que presentaron asociado un mayor riesgo de enfermedad plus fueron: grado avanzado de ROP, mayor área sin vascularizar, menor edad gestacional, menor peso al nacer, existencia de ductus arteriovenoso persistente, mayor número de días intubado, mayor número de eventos adversos, menor puntaje en el test Apgar 2 y una menor ganancia de peso postnatal. Con regresión logística binaria, sólo el grado más avanzado de ROP (OR: 5,5; p < 0,009) y la menor ganancia de peso posnatal (OR: 0,58; p < 0,04) resultaron factores predictivos del desarrollo de la enfermedad plus. En las 4-6 primeras semanas de vida, los niños con enfermedad plus obtenían una pobre ganancia media de peso de 3,9 ± 3,1 gr/día frente a los 11,84 ± 8,3 gr/día que alcanzaban aquellos sin enfermedad plus (p < 0,0001). Conclusiones: Los factores más significativamente asociados con la enfermedad plus eran el estadio avanzado de ROP y la pobre ganancia de peso. Los gemelos que ganan más de 7 gr/día de peso, en las primeras 4-6 semanas de vida, significativamente reducen el riesgo de enfermedad plus. Una buena ganancia de peso postnatal es una estrategia efectiva contra la ceguera evitable de la ROP.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet