Eficacia de la entrevista cognitiva en la evaluación de la credibilidad del testimoniouna simulación de falsa exculpación

Abstract

The cognitive interview (CI) has demonstrated its effectiveness against other procedures in providing accurate information on witnesses sincere. However, there are a few researches on its implementation with witnesses with the intention of lying. Thus, the purpose of this study is to compare the differential effectiveness of the CI with the structured interview (SI) in a simulation of testimony. We conducted an experimental investigation and include instructions to tell the truth or to lie about committing a sexual offense as independent variables. We used a factorial design 2 (CI / SI) x 2 (testimony true / false testimony) with 18 interviewers (psychologists and police) previously trained in both techniques and 120 students interviewed, matched by age and sex. The interviewees reported what they had seen immediately before in clip of film. We use traditional measures of CI as dependent variables: total correct details and proportion of details relating to actions, persons and objects, and the numbers of errors and confabulations. The results showed no increased overall effectiveness of the EC, only an increase in the percentage of action details. However, analysis by type of detail, this effectively extends only to the details of actions and objects, but not the person. Some considerations are made on the forensic relevance of these results.