Lifestyle interventions in women with polycystic ovary syndromeA scoping systematic review of randomised evidence

  1. B. H. Al Wattar 1
  2. N. M. Hussain 2
  3. K.S. Khan 3
  1. 1 University College London Hospitals, London, UK
  2. 2 The University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Spain
  3. 3 Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Revista:
Semergen: revista española de medicina de familia

ISSN: 1138-3593

Año de publicación: 2022

Número: 3

Páginas: 186-194

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.SEMERG.2021.10.010 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Semergen: revista española de medicina de familia

Resumen

Objetivo Las intervenciones en el estilo de vida (LSI) se recomiendan como tratamiento de primera línea para el síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP), sin embargo, la solidez de la evidencia que respalda la efectividad de la LSI sigue sin estar clara. Revisamos sistemáticamente la literatura sobre la LSI en el SOP, evaluamos la calidad de la evidencia, y resumimos las recomendaciones para la práctica clínica. Material y métodos Buscamos en MEDLINE, Embase y CENTRAL, todos los ensayos aleatorios que evaluaran cualquier LSI en el SOP hasta abril de 2021. Extrajimos datos sobre las características, la composición dietética, la duración, la implementación, la evaluación del cumplimiento y los resultados informados de los LSI. Evaluamos la brecha de evidencia utilizando un mapa de red de intervenciones evaluadas. Resultados Examinamos 550 citas e incluimos 79 ensayos (n = 4.659 mujeres). La mayoría de los ensayos se realizaron en países de ingresos altos (57/79, 72%), hace más de una década (48/79, 61%) e incluyeron mujeres obesas/con sobrepeso (57/77, 74%). El IMC fue el resultado informado con más frecuencia (58/79, 73%), seguido del peso (49/79, 62%) y la testosterona (45/79, 57%). Más de la mitad de los ensayos tuvieron alto riesgo de asignación al azar (51/79, 65%) y sesgo de asignación (49/79, 62%). Solo 27 se registraron de forma prospectiva (27/79, 34%). Dos tercios evaluaron una intervención dietética (70/79, 88%), más comúnmente una dieta hipocalórica (32/70, 46%); 19 evaluaron una dieta combinada con intervención farmacológica (19/79, 24%), 6 una dieta combinada con intervención física o conductual (6/79, 8%) y solo un ensayo incluyó los 4 elementos. Conclusiones La evidencia sobre la LSI en el SOP es de mala calidad con grandes variaciones en el diseño de los ensayos, las comparaciones y los informes de resultados. La dieta hipocalórica es la LSI más comúnmente recomendada para la atención primaria. Se necesitan ensayos futuros para evaluar la LSI pragmáticos y simples en estudios multicéntricos sólidos. Registro PROSPERO CRD42020186571.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet