Bacteriemia Zero en el paciente con catéter venoso central en la UCI.

Resumo

Introduction: Nosocomial infection (NI) is defined as that acquired within the hospital more than 48 hours after admission, or that which occurs within the first 48 hours, but directly related to some type of invasive manipulation performed on admission. Bacteremia is defined as the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, demonstrated by blood culture. The 2018 Prevalence Study of Nosocomial Infections in Spain (EPINE) considers vascular catheter-related bacteraemias as the fourth cause (15.17%) of nosocomial infection (NI), behind surgical, respiratory and respiratory infections. Urinary tract. Despite occupying fourth place, NIs related to vascular catheters can be considered the most serious, since their mortality ranges between 25-60% of cases. Objective: Reduce the incidence of central vascular catheter bacteremia in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU, identifying and updating the knowledge of healthcare professionals who carry out their professional activity in said service. Methodology: The information collected to carry out the work has been obtained from different databases, from books in the library of the University of Zaragoza, as well as from books found online and from web pages related to the health world. The nursing language of the NANDA-NIC-NOC taxonomy has been used. In addition, the NNNConsult website provided by the University of Zaragoza has been used to assess and choose the NANDA, NIC and NOC diagnoses. Results: To achieve a reduction in the number of infections in the Intensive Care Unit related to hospitalized patients with central vascular catheters, activities must be carried out, in which all the professionals of said service must participate. The basic intervention to achieve the objective will be to carry out the appropriate care related to the management and insertion of central vascular catheters. This will improve the safety of ICU residents and reduce morbidity and mortality related to nosocomial diseases, specifically bacteraemia. Prior to the implementation of the improvement project, a responsible team will be appointed, which will be made up of a doctor and a nursing professional who will have the objective of promoting, facilitating and launching the project. Conclusion: It will be necessary to perform adequate hand hygiene before and after performing any manipulation of the vascular catheter access point, such as collation, disinfection or removal. It should be noted that the use of gloves is not exempt from compliance with the activity. The use of chlorhexidine for disinfection, before the insertion of the catheter and each time the dressing is changed with its corresponding cure, are justified and should be carried out systematically. A reduction in the incidence of bacteremia will be achieved with the use of barrier measures during the manipulation of the catheter, performing the technique with asepsis with sterility barriers such as a cap, gloves, gowns, a mask and a sterile cloth. It will help us to achieve our goal, to reduce the number of manipulations of the catheter, making only the really necessary contacts. In addition, the removal of unnecessary central vascular catheters and reducing the number of days that our patients are carriers of said devices.