Efectos agudos de diferentes protocolos de estiramiento en la capacidad de salto vertical y sprint en futbolistas universitarios

  1. Jerez-Mayorga, D
  2. Contreras-Diaz, G
  3. Campos-Jara, Christian
Revista:
Revista Horizonte: Ciencias de la Actividad Física

ISSN: 0718-8188

Año de publicación: 2013

Título del ejemplar: Revista Horizonte Ciencias de la Actividad Física

Volumen: 4

Número: 2

Páginas: 105-117

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Revista Horizonte: Ciencias de la Actividad Física

Resumen

OBJETIVO: El propósito de éste estudio fue valorar el efecto agudo de diferentes protocolos de estiramiento sobre la capacidad de salto vertical y sprint de 20 metros en Seleccionados de Futbol de la Universidad San Sebastián Sede Puerto Montt. MÉTODOS: Estudio Cuasi experimental. 24 futbolistas, se asignaron en 3 grupos: Estiramiento Dinámico (ED) (n=8), Estiramiento Estático (EE) (n=8) y No Estiramiento (NE) (n=8). Después de que cada grupo realizó su respectivo protocolo de estiramiento, se evaluó: Salto vertical y Sprint de 20 metros mediante plataforma de salto. RESULTADOS: Según ANOVA, existió una mejora significativa del salto vertical usando protocolos de ED por sobre protocolos de EE y NE en; Tiempo de Vuelo (p=0,046) y velocidad de despegue (p=0,045) tras el ED por sobre el EE y altura (p=0,049) tras el ED por sobre el EE. Kruskal-Wallis indica que existen diferencias significativas entre los sprint tras los distintos protocoles de estiramiento (p=0,006), el NE aumento la velocidad de carrera expresado en un menor tiempo de recorrido (2,58 s), con respecto al ED (2,99 s) y EE (3,23 s). CONCLUSIÓN: El efecto agudo del ED es más efectivo en la capacidad de salto vertical que el protocolo de EE y NE, pero los resultados arrojados tras el sprint, plantean que él NE es incluso mejor que realizar un protocolo de ED o EE.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Citas 1. Alpkaya, U., & Koceja, D. The effects of acute static stretching on reaction time and force. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 47(2), 147-150. 2007.
  • Ayala, F., Sainz de Baranda, P., Cejudo, A., & de Ste Croix, M. Efecto agudo del estiramiento sobre el rendimiento físico: el uso de los estiramientos en el calentamiento. 6(16), 27-36. 2011.
  • Avela, J.. Finni, T., Liikavainio, T., Niemela, E. y Komi, P. Neural and mechanical responses of the triceps surae muscle group after 1 h of repeated fast passive stretches. Journal of Applied Physiologic 96, 2325–2332. 2004.
  • Babault, N., Kouassi, B. Y., & Desbrosses, K. Acute effects of 15min static or contract-relax stretching modalities on plantar flexors neuromuscular properties. J Sci Med Sport. 2009.
  • Bacurau, R.F.P., Monteiro, G.A., Ugrinowitsch, C., Tricoli, V., Cabral, L.F. y Aoki, M.S. Acute effect of a ballistic and a static stretching exercise bout on flexibility and maximal strength. Journal Strength and Conditioning Research 23(1), 304–308. 2009.
  • Bazett-Jones, D. M., Gibson, M. H., & McBride, J. M. Sprint and vertical jump performances are not affected by six weeks of static hamstring stretching. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(1), 25-31. 2008.
  • Beckett, J. R. J., Schneiker, K. T., Wallman, K. E., Dawson, B. T., & Guelfi, K. J. Effects of Static Stretching on Repeated Sprint and Change of Direction Performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41(2), 444-450. 2009.
  • Bradley, P. S., Olsen, P. D., & Portas, M. D. The effect of static, ballistic, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on vertical jump performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(1), 223-226. 2007.
  • Brandenburg, J. P. Duration of stretch does not influence the degree of force loss following static stretching. The Journal Of Sports Medicine And Physical Fitness, 46(4), 526-534. 2006.
  • Cornwell, A., Nelson, A. G., Heise, G. D., & Sidaway, B. Acute effects of passive muscle stretching on vertical jump performance. Journal of Human Movement Studies, 40(4), 307-324.2001.
  • Costa, P. B., Graves, B. S., Whitehurst, M., & Jacobs, P. L. The acute effects of different durations of static stretching on dynamic balance performance. Journal Of Strength And Conditioning Research / National Strength & Conditioning Association, 23(1), 141-147. 2009.
  • Cramer, J.T., Beck, T.W., Housh, T.J., Massey, L.L., Marek, S.M., Danglemeier, S., Purkayastha, S., Culbertson, J.Y., Fitz, K. y Egan, A. Acute effects of static stretching on characteristics of the isokinetic angle–torque relationship, surface electromyography, and mechanomyography. Journal of Sports Sciences 25(6), 687-698. 2007.
  • Church, J. B., Wiggins, M. S., Moode, F. M., & Crist, R. Effect of warm-up and flexibility treatments on vertical jump performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15(3), 332-336. 2001.
  • Egan, A. D., Cramer, J. T., Massey, L. L., & Marek, S. M. Acute effects of static stretching on peak torque and mean power output in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Women's Basketball players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20(4), 778-782. 2006.
  • Faigenbaum, A. D., Bellucci, M., Bernieri, A., Bakker, B., & Hoorens, K. Acute effects of different warm-up protocols on fitness performance in children. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(2), 376-381. 2005.
  • Faigenbaum, A. D., Kang, J., McFarland, J., Bloom, J. M., Magnatta, J., Ratamess, N. A., et al. Acute effects of different warm-up protocols on anaerobic performance in teenage athletes. Pediatric Exercise Science, 18(1), 64-75. 2006.
  • Faigenbaum, A. D., McFarland, J. E., Schwerdtman, J. A., Ratamess, N. A., Kang, J., & Hoffman, J. R.. Dynamic warm-up protocols, with and without a weighted vest, and fitness performance in high school female athletes. Journal of Athletic Training, 41(4), 357-363. 2006.
  • Fasen, J. M., O'Connor, A. M., Schwartz, S. L., Watson, J. O., Plastaras, C. T., Garvan, C. W., et al. A randomized controlled trial of hamstring stretching: comparison of four techniques. J Strength Cond Res, 23(2), 660-667. 2009.
  • Fletcher, I. M., & Anness, R. The acute effects of combined static and dynamic stretch protocols on fifty-meter sprint performance in track-and-field athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(3), 784-787. 2007.
  • Fletcher, I. M., & Jones, B. The effect of different warm-up stretch protocols on 20 meter sprint performance in trained rugby union players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18(4), 885-888. 2004.
  • Gergley, J. C. Acute effects of passive static stretching during warm-up on driver clubhead speed, distance, accuracy, and consistent ball contact in young male competitive golfers. J Strength Cond Res, 23(3), 863-867. 2009.
  • Hayes, P. R., & Walker, A. Pre-exercise stretching does not impact upon running economy. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(4), 1227-1232. 2007.
  • Higgs, F., & Winter, S. L. The Effect of a Four-Week Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Program on Isokinetic Torque Production. J Strength Cond Res. 2009.
  • Holt, B. W., & Lambourne, K. The impact of different warm-up protocols on vertical jump performance in male collegiate athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(1), 226-229. 2008.
  • Hough, P. A., Ross, E. Z., & Howatson, G. Effects of dynamic and static stretching on vertical jump performance and electromyographic activity. J Strength Cond Res, 23(2), 507-512. 2009.
  • Knudson, D., & Noffal, G. Time course of stretch-induced isometric strength deficits. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 94(3), 348-351. 2005.
  • Knudson, D. V., Noffal, G. J., Bahamonde, R. E., Bauer, J. A., & Blackwell, J. R. Stretching has no effect on tennis serve performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18(3), 654-656. 2004.
  • Kokkonen, J., Nelson, A. G., Eldredge, C., & Winchester, J. B. Chronic static stretching improves exercise performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(10), 1825-1831. 2007.
  • Little, T., & Williams, A. G. Effects of differential stretching protocols during warm-ups on high-speed motor capacities in professional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20(1), 203-207. 2006.
  • Manoel, M. E., Harris-Love, M. O., Danoff, J. V., & Miller, T. A. Acute effects of static, dynamic, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on muscle power in women. Journal Of Strength And Conditioning Research / National Strength & Conditioning Association, 22(5), 1528-1534. 2008.
  • Marek, S. M., Cramer, J. T., Fincher, A. L., Massey, L. L., Dangelmaier, S. M., Purkayastha, S., et al. Acute effects of static and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on muscle strength and power output. Journal of Athletic Training, 40(2), 94-103. 2005.
  • Moran, K. A., McGrath, T., Marshall, B. M., & Wallace, E. S. Dynamic Stretching and Golf Swing Performance. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(2), 113-118. 2009.
  • Morrin, N., & Redding, E. Acute Effects of Warm-up Stretch Protocols on Balance, Vertical Jump Height, and Range of Motion in Dancers. Journal Of Dance Medicine & Science, 17(1), 34-40. doi:10.12678/1089-313X.17.1.34.2013.
  • Nelson, A. G., Driscoll, N. M., Landin, D. K., Young, M. A., & Schexnayder, I. C. Acute effects of passive muscle stretching on sprint performance. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(5), 449 - 454. 2005.
  • Nelson, A. G., Kokkonen, J., & Arnall, D. A. Acute muscle stretching inhibits muscle strength endurance performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(2), 338-343. 2005.
  • Power, K., Behm, D., Cahill, F., Carroll, M. y Young, W. An acute bout of static stretching: effects on force and jumping performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 36(8), 1389–1396. 2004.
  • Vetter, R.E. Effects of six Warm-up protocols on sprint and jump performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 21(3), 819-823. 2007.
  • Warpeha, J M. Posibles Implicaciones del Estiramiento Excesivo sobre el Rendimiento Deportivo. PubliCE Standard. 2006.
  • Zakas, A., Doganis, G., Galazoulas, C. y Vamvakoudis, E. Effect of Acute Static Stretching Duration on Isokinetic Peak Torque in Pubescent Soccer Players. Pediatric Exercise Science 18, 252-261. 2006.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet