The different effects of income and educational level on prosocial behaviour and related ideological variables

  1. Miguel Moya
  2. Joaquín Alcañiz-Colomer
Revista:
International Journal of Social Psychology, Revista de Psicología Social

ISSN: 0213-4748,  1579-3680

Año de publicación: 2023

Volumen: 38

Número: 3

Páginas: 508-540

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: International Journal of Social Psychology, Revista de Psicología Social

Resumen

El número de estudios en torno al nivel socioeconómico (NSE) en el campo de la psicología social ha aumentado en los últimos años. Los indicadores más utilizados para medir el NSE objetivo son los ingresos y el nivel educativo (generalmente estandarizando y combinando las puntuaciones en estas variables). Sin embargo, es probable que los ingresos y la educación ejerzan efectos distintos, cuando no opuestos, en ciertas variables. En siete estudios en los que utilizamos datos de investigaciones anteriores y bases de datos internacionales, demostramos que, en efecto, esto es así tanto en el caso de la conducta prosocial como en otras variables relacionadas con esta. Así, un nivel educativo más alto tiende a predecir positivamente las conductas prosociales (Estudios 1a–1d) y las atribuciones estructurales de la pobreza (Estudios 2 y 3), mientras que predice negativamente el nivel de creencias meritocráticas (Estudio 3) y de creencias sobre un mundo justo (Estudio 4). En la mayoría de los casos, los ingresos mostraron una tendencia inversa o no predecían el resultado. En este artículo discutimos las implicaciones generales para el estudio de la conducta prosocial y su relación con las clases sociales.

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