Beneficios de los acolchados de paja y poda como prácticas para la gestión forestal de los montes mediterráneos

  1. P. Hueso González 1
  2. J. F. Martínez Murillo 1
  3. J.D. Ruiz Sinoga 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Málaga
    info

    Universidad de Málaga

    Málaga, España

    ROR https://ror.org/036b2ww28

Revista:
Cuadernos de investigación geográfica: Geographical Research Letters
  1. Seeger, Manuel (coord.)

ISSN: 0211-6820,  1697-9540

Año de publicación: 2017

Volumen: 43

Número: 1

Páginas: 189-208

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.18172/CIG.3142 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Cuadernos de investigación geográfica: Geographical Research Letters

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

En la mayoría de las propuestas forestales para ambientes semiáridos, la respuesta positiva de la recolonización vegetal se ve limitada por las condiciones climáticas y la escasez de agua y nutrientes presentes en el suelo. Es por ello que, en estos ambientes, se hace necesaria la búsqueda de métodos alternativos que, con bajo coste económico, garanticen el éxito de cualquier actuación forestal. Este estudio trata de analizar el efecto de dos tipos de acolchados orgánicos sobre la viabilidad de una reforestación bajo condiciones forestales semiáridas. Para el diseño experimental se ha establecido un set de 6 parcelas experimentales: (i) dos parcelas reforestadas y enmendadas con un mulch de paja (10 Mg ha-1) (SM); (ii) dos parcelas reforestadas y enmendadas con un mulch de restos de poda (Pinus halepensis Mill.) (10 Mg ha-1) (PM); y (iii) dos parcelas reforestadas sobre suelo desnudo, conjunto control (C). Todas las parcelas se han reforestado con el mismo número de plantas y patrón espacial de arbustos mediterráneos. Los resultados muestran que, 30 meses después de la reforestación, no se observan diferencias significativas en el contenido de carbono orgánico del suelo entre los suelos con acolchados orgánicos de paja o poda y el control. Sin embargo, sí se han observado diferencias en la cantidad y disponibilidad de agua útil para la vegetación. Esto se interpreta como una reducción del estrés hídrico post-transplante, que permite amortiguar la estacionalidad mediterránea, generando un efecto positivo para la supervivencia y crecimiento de las plantas reforestadas. De cara a la gestión forestal para ambientes semiáridos, podemos concluir que el tratamiento del suelo con acolchados orgánicos, paja o poda, se traduce en un aumento del éxito de los programas de reforestación.

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Información de financiación

Este estudio ha sido financiado por el proyecto de investigación P09-RNM-5057 (Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo de la Junta de Andalucía), así como por el Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Andalucía Tech.

Financiadores

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