Trabajo social sanitario en equipos interprofesionales durante la pandemia de COVID-19una scoping review

  1. Gijón Sánchez, María Teresa
  2. Conejo Trujillo, Rafael
  3. Morata-García de la Puerta, M. Belén
Journal:
Alternativas: Cuadernos de Trabajo Social

ISSN: 1133-0473,  1989-9971

Year of publication: 2024

Issue: 31

Pages: 237-259

Type: Article

DOI: 10.14198/ALTERN.25787 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openRUA editor

More publications in: Alternativas: Cuadernos de Trabajo Social

Abstract

Introduction. Health social work is a multifaceted specialisation that actively contributes to the teamwork allowing to provide comprehensive care in primary, hospital, and mental health services. We explored the international literature to identify the practices of health social workers in interprofessional teams during the COVID19 pandemic. Methodology. A scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute method, following the theoretical framework and iterative process proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and PRISMAScR recommendations. Eight databases (Web of Science-Core Collection, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Social Work Abstracts, Social Services Abstracts and Sociological Abstracts) were consulted. A total of 18 studies published between 2020 and 2022 met the eligibility criteria. Results. The thematic analysis led to classifying the results into four types of interprofessional relations practices: crisis intervention, mental health, public health, and end-of-life care. Additionally, the lessons learned from these practices were identified as themes: the opportunity to strengthen the legitimacy of health social work in health services and the recognition of the role of health social workers based on performance criteria and the assessment of skills and competencies; their contribution to teamwork as enablers of communication, support, cooperative relationships, collaborative adaptation and trust; and the possibility of expanding sub-specialisation fields in the future. Discussion. The studies reviewed provide evidence that health social work focuses mainly on COVID-19 care-related functions in hospital care teams, and less on interventions for public health promotion or disease prevention in primary care teams. Moreover, among the various needs they address, health social workers concentrate the most on the mental and behavioural wellbeing of both users and the healthcare teams with which they collaborate. Conclusions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, health social workers in interprofessional teams performed their skills competently, including leadership roles and as teamwork enablers. Further empirical studies on their contributions to these teams are necessary. Indeed, this would allow conducting systematic reviews and to assess intervention outcomes, identify good practices, and strengthen emergency planning for future crises. It is also crucial to enhance the legitimacy of health social work as an essential profession and acknowledge its significance within interprofessional teams, both in traditional presential services and virtual health services, as well as to promote new competencies in fields of sub-specialisation. Promoting interprofessional health education in social work curricula is key to addressing future health as well as economic and environmental crises. It remains to be assessed whether health social work will be given an appropriate place in interprofessional teams to effectively provide comprehensive healthcare services.

Bibliographic References

  • Alston, M., Irons, K., Adamson, C., Boddy, J., Fronek, P., Briggs, L., Hay, K., Howard, A., Rowlands, A., Hazeleger, T., & Foote, W. (2022). Australian and New Zealand social workers adjusting to the COVID-19 pandemic. The British Journal of Social Work, 52(4), 1859-1877. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/ bcab163
  • Arksey, H., & O’Malley, L. (2005). Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8(1), 19-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616
  • Ashcroft, R., McMillan, C., Ambrose-Miller, W., McKee, R., & Brown, J.B. (2018). The emerging role of social work in primary health care: a survey of social workers in Ontario family health teams. Health & Social Work, 43(2), 109-117. https://doi.org/10.1093/hsw/hly003
  • Ashcroft, R., & Van Katwyk, T. (2016). An examination of the biomedical paradigm: a view of social work. Social Work in Public Health, 31(3), 140-152. https://doi.org/10.1080/19371918.2015.1087918
  • Auslander, G. (2001). Social work in health care: what have we achieved? Journal of Social Work, 1(2), 201-222. https://doi.org/10.1177/146801730100100206
  • Bark, H., Dixon, J., & Laing, J. (2023). The professional identity of social workers in mental health services: a scoping review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(11), 5947. https://doi. org/10.3390/ijerph20115947
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi. org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Burke, C., Hampel, S., Gholson, K., Zhang, P., & Rufkhar, B. (2021). COVID19 family support team: providing person and family centered care during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Social Work in End-Of-Life & Palliative Care, 17(2-3), 158-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/15524256.2021.1922126
  • Calleja Jiménez, J.P. (2022). El trabajo social en la lucha contra la COVID19. Las labores en el rastreo de contactos y el refuerzo al sistema sanitario. Cuadernos de Trabajo Social, 35(1), 61-70. https://doi.org/10.5209/cuts.74481
  • Carey, M. (2019).Paradigm shift? Biomedical science and social work thinking. In M. Payne, & E. Reith-Hall (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Social Work Theory (1st ed.) (pp. 68-79). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315211053
  • Chen, Y.Y., & Zhuang, J. (2021). Roles of medical social workers in interprofessional teams: a case study of a Shanghai COVID-19 quarantine centre for medical observation. Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development, 31(1- 2), 123-131. https://doi.org/10.1080/02185385.2020.1828157.
  • Currin-McCulloch, J., Chapman, B., Carson, C., Fundalinski, K., Hays, M., Budai, P., & Kaushik, S. (2021). Hearts above water: Palliative care during a pandemic. Social Work in Health Care, 60(1), 93-105. https://doi.org/10.1080 /00981389.2021.1885562
  • Da Costa, A., Nogueira, M.E.N.G., Anjos, S.J.S.B., & Ferreira, A.R. (2020). Collaborative practices from health care teams to face the COVID-19 pandemic. Revista Brasileira Enfermagen, 73(S2), 20200470. https://doi.org/10.6084/ m9.figshare.14276401.v1
  • Dennelly, L., Sousa, C., & Roberts, K. (2022). Shaping the future of social work practice in healthcare: addressing COVID-19 needs through integrated primary care. Social Work, 67(1), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swab046
  • Dominelli, L., Harrikari, T., Mooney, J., Leskošek, V., & Tsunoda, E.K. (2020). COVID-19 and social work: a collection of country reports. International Association of Schools of Social Work. https://www.iassw-aiets.org/ wp-content/uploads/2020/07/IASSW-COVID-19-and-Social-Work-CountryReports-Final-1.pdf
  • Dragioti, E., Tsartsalis, D., Mentis, M., Mantzoukas, S., & Gouva, M. (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of hospital staff: an umbrella review of 44 meta-analyses. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 131, 104272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104272
  • Fernandes, S.F., Trigueiro, J.G., Barreto, M.A.F., Carvalho, R.E.F.L., Silva, M.R.F.D., Moreira, T.M.M., Costa, M.V.D., & Freitas, R.J.M. (2021). Interprofessional work in health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem, (55), e20210207. https:// doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2021-0207
  • Feryn, N., De Corte, J., & Roose, R. (2022). The DNA of social work as a partner in primary health care. Social Work in Public Health, 37(5), 407-418. https:// doi.org/10.1080/19371918.2021.2017381
  • Fraser, M.W., Lombardi, B.M., Wu, S., de Saxe Zerden, L., Richman, E.L., & Fraher, E.P. (2018). Integrated primary care and social work: a systematic review. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 9(2), 175-215. https:// doi.org/10.1086/697567 García-Pastrana, C., Trujillo-De los Santos, Z., Volkers-Gaussmann, G., y Ochoa-Morales, A. (2020). Participación del personal de trabajo social durante la pandemia de COVID-19, en un Instituto de tercer nivel de atención. Archivos de Neurociencias, 25(2),87-93. https://doi.org/10.31157/an.v25i2.242
  • Glaser, B., & Suter, E. (2016). Interprofessional collaboration and integration as experienced by social workers in health care. Social Work in Health Care, 55(5), 395-408. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981389.2015.1116483
  • Ho, H.C.Y., Chui, O.S., & Chan, Y.C. (2022). When pandemic interferes with work: psychological capital and mental health of social workers during COVID-19. Social Work, 67(4), 311-320. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swac035
  • Mahmud, S., Hossain, S., Muyeed, A., Islam, M.M., & Mohsin, M. (2021). The global prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and, insomnia and its changes among health professionals during COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon, 7(7), e07393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. heliyon.2021.e07393
  • Milano, N., Petruzzi, L., Covington, E., Jones, B., & Findley, P.A. (2022). Social workers in integrated care beyond primary care: a scoping review. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 12(11), 1038-1048. https://doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibac082
  • Moon, F., Fraser, L., & McDermott, F. (2019). Sitting with silence: hospital social work interventions for dying patients and their families. Social Work in Health Care, 58(5), 444-458. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981389.2019.1586027
  • Moreno-Barreneche, S. (2021). Los héroes de la pandemia: la construcción discursiva del colectivo de los trabajadores sanitarios durante la crisis del COVID-19. Revista CS, (33), 75-101. https://www.doi.org/10.18046/recs. i33.4057
  • National Association of Social Workers (NASW). (2005). Standards for Clinical Social Work in Social Work Practice. National Association of Social Workers. https://www.socialworkers.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=YOg4qde fLBE%3d&portalid=0
  • Nedjat-Haiem, F.R., Cadet, T.J., Parada, H., Mishra, S.I., & Bullock, K. (2022). A national survey of social workers focusing on attitudes, knowledge, and practice behaviors for educating patients about advance directives: implication during COVID19. The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care 39(6), 737-744. https://doi.org/10.1177/10499091211038503
  • Oliveira, J.M.D., Butini, L., Pauletto, P., Lehmkuhl, K.M., Stefani, C.M., Bolan, M., Guerra, E., Dick, B., De Luca, G., & Massignan, C. (2022). Mental health effects prevalence in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 19(2), 130-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12566
  • Ouzzani, M., Hammady, H., Fedorowicz, Z., & Elmagarmid, A. (2016). Rayyan – a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews, (5), 210. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4
  • Peinado, M., & Anderson, K.N. (2020). Reducing social worker burnout during COVID-19. International Social Work, 63(6), 757-760. https://doi. org/10.1177/0020872820962196
  • Peters, M., Godfrey, C.M., Mcinerney, P., Soares, C., Khalil, H., & Parker, D. (2015). The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual 2015: Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews. The Joanna Briggs Institute.
  • Peters, M.D.J., Marnie, C., Colquhoun, H., Garritty, C.M., Hempel, S., Horsley, T., Langlois, E.V., Lillie, E., O’Brien, K.K., Tunçalp, O., Wilson, M.G., Zarin, W., & Tricco, A.C. (2021). Scoping reviews: reinforcing and advancing the methodology and application. Systematic Review, (10), 263. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01821-3
  • Radfar, A., Ferreira, M.M., Sosa, J.P., & Filip, I. (2021). Emergent crisis of COVID-19 pandemic: mental health challenges and opportunities. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 631008. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.631008
  • Rape, T. (2022). Teamwork in social work: what are we actually talking about? European Journal of Social Work, 25(4), 668-680. https://doi.org/10.1080/136 91457.2021.1995704
  • Rodríguez, L.M., y García, M.P. (2019). Salud y trabajo social: un análisis desde las perspectivas de la formación y la investigación. Cuadernos de Trabajo Social, 32(1), 123-139. https://doi.org/10.5209/CUTS.57884
  • Ross, A.M., Schneider, S., Muneton-Castano, Y.F., Caldas, A.A., & Boskey, E.R. (2021). «You never stop being a social worker:» Experiences of pediatric hospital social workers during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Social Work in Health Care, 60(1), 8-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981389.2 021.1885565
  • Ross, A.M., Zerden, L.S., Ruth, B.J., Zelnick, J., & Cederbaum, J. (2020). Contact tracing: an opportunity for social work to lead. Social Work in Public Health, 35(7), 533-545. https://doi.org/10.1080/19371918.2020.1806170
  • Ruth, B.J., & Marshall, J.W. (2017). A History of Social Work in Public Health. American Journal of Public Health, 107(S3), S236-S242. https://doi. org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304005
  • Ruth, B.J., Wachman, M.K., Marshall, J. W., Backman, A.R., Harrington, C.B., Schultz, N.S., & Ouimet, K. J. (2017). Health in all social work programs: Findings from a US national analysis. American Journal of Public Health, 107(S3), S267-S273. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304034
  • Saragih, I.D., Tonapa, S.I., Saragih, I.S., Advani, S., Batubara, S.O., Suarilah, I., & Lin, C.J. (2021). Global prevalence of mental health problems among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 121, 104002. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104002
  • Schneider, S.E., Ross, A.M., & Boskey, E.R. (2022). «We are essential:» Pediatric health care social workers’ perspectives on being designated essential workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Social Work in Health Care, 61(1), 36-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981389.2022.2028696
  • Schot, E., Tummers, L., & Noordegraaf, M. (2020). Working on working together. A systematic review on how healthcare professionals contribute to interprofessional collaboration. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 34(3), 332- 342. https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820.2019.1636007
  • Seaman, J.B., Lakin, J.R., Anderson, E., Bernacki, R., Candrian, C., Cotter, V.T., DeSanto-Madeya, S., Epstein, A.S., Kestenbaum, A., Izumi, S., Sumser, B., Tjia, J., & Hurd, C.J. (2020). Interdisciplinary or interprofessional: why terminology in teamwork matters to hospice and palliative care. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 23(9), 1157-1158. https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2020.0299
  • Singh, S., Herrmann, K., Cyriacks, W., Youngwerth, J., Bickel, K.E., & Lum, H.D. (2021). Increasing medical power of attorney completion for hospitalized patients during the COVID pandemic: a social work led quality improvement intervention. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 61(3), 579-584.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.10.033
  • Stepho, E., Heinrich-Williams, M., Dunne, L., Raymond, H., & Parthasarathi, U. (2020). The role of emergency psychiatry social work in a virtual clinic during the COVID-19 pandemic. Canadian Social Work Review, 37(2), 185- 196. https://doi.org/10.7202/1075120ar
  • Strudwick, R.M., Harvey-Lloyd, J.M., & Hadwen, H.C. (2019). The role of interprofessional learning in developing transformative health & social work professionals. The Journal of Practice Teaching and Learning, 16(1-2), 96-109. https://doi.org/10.1921/jpts.v16i1.1216
  • Tadic, V., Ashcroft, R., Brown, J.B., & Dahrouge, S. (2020). The role of social workers in interprofessional primary healthcare teams. Healthcare Policy, 16(1), 27-42. https://doi.org/10.12927/hcpol.2020.26292
  • Tricco, A.C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O’brien, K.K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., Moher, D., Moher, D., Peters, M.D.J., Horsley, T., Weeks, L., Hempel, S., Akl, H., Chang, C., Mcgowan, J., Stewart, L.A., Hartling, L., Aldcroft, A., Wilson, M.G., … Straus, S.E. (2018). PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(7), 467-473. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850
  • Vaseghi, F., Yarmohammadian, M.H., & Raeisi, A. (2022). Interprofessional collaboration competencies in the health system: a systematic review. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 27(6), 496-504. https://doi.org/10.4103/ ijnmr.ijnmr_476_21
  • Weng, S.S. (2022). Social workers’ experiences in integrated health care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Social Work, 22(6), 1431-1446. https:// doi.org/10.1177/14680173221101256
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2010). Framework for action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice (WHO/HRH/HPN/10.3). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/ framework-for-action-on-interprofessional-education-collaborative-practice
  • Xenakis, N., Brosnan, M.M., Burgos, L., Childs, J., Deschamps, J., Dobrof, J., Farquhar, D.W., Genovesi, M.L., Goldgraben, K.R., Gordon, E., Hamilton, C., Koppel, S.R., Lipp, M.N., Potter, R., Rauch, A., Rodriguez, V., Schubert, E., Sollars, E.D., & Zilberfein, F. (2021). In the global epicenter: social work leadership in a New York City Hospital. Social Work in Health Care, 60(1), 62-77. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981389.2021.1885563
  • Yu, Z., Duan, W., Jiang, L., Yuan, Z., Kong, &., & Wang, J. (2021). Interdisciplinary bridging response teams in the COVID-19 outbreak aid provision in China. International Social Work, 64(5), 783-789. https://doi. org/10.1177/00208728211021145
  • Yu, Z., Hong, L., Jiang, L., Yang, W., Guo, L., & Shen, Y. (2021). Interdisciplinary bridging response teams for field hospitals in Wuhan during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Social Work, 64(1), 128-134. https:// doi.org/10.1177/0020872820963420
  • Yu, Z., Luo, H., & Niu, L. (2022). A case study of social work leadership in the pandemic intervention in Wuhan. The British Journal of Social Work, 52(4), 2183-2197. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcab179
  • Zerden, L.D., Guan, T., Shurer, J., Kreitzer, L., & Book, E. (2022). Social work, Parkinson’s disease care, and COVID-19. Social Work in Health Care, 61(3), 139-157. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981389.2022.2069902
  • Zhao, K., Tan, W., & Tsang, A.K.T. (2022). Online mental health resources in Wuhan amid the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of social workers. China Journal of Social Work, 15(1), 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/17525098.2021. 2006899
  • Zheng, G., Zhang, X., Wang, Y., & Ma, M. (2021). The strengthening mechanism of the relationship between social work and public health under COVID-19 in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19), 9956. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18199956
Data source: Dialnet