La medición del tiempo de reacción en los estudios con personas mayoresnecesidad de un acuerdo terminológico

  1. León Rodríguez, Julia 1
  2. Oña Sicilia, Antonio 1
  3. Vasconcelos, Olga 2
  1. 1 Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Granada
  2. 2 Laboratorio de Control y Aprendizaje Motor, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Porto
Revista:
Revista de psicología del deporte

ISSN: 1132-239X,  1988-5636

Año de publicación: 2015

Título del ejemplar: Revista de Psicología del Deporte

Volumen: 24

Número: 2

Páginas: 351-359

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de psicología del deporte

Resumen

Actualmente son numerosos los estudios cuyo objetivo es cuantificar y/o mejorar el tiempo de reacción en las personas mayores, por considerarse un biomarcador de envejecimiento cognitivo relacionado con la demencia e incluso con la mortalidad. Sin embargo, la falta de un criterio único ante el término ha supuesto que diversos autores no lo empleen correctamente. De este modo, el objetivo de la revisión fue determinar el procedimiento utilizado con más frecuencia para evaluar el tiempo de reacción en los estudios con personas mayores, así como analizar si el término se empleó de una manera adecuada. Tras revisar las bases de datos Scopus, PubMed y PsycINFO (enero de 2008 a junio de 2013), se incluyeron un total de 84 artículos originales. Los resultados mostraron que el mayor porcentaje de estudios utilizó el test de tiempo de reacción simple con la persona sentada con la extremidad superior sobre un botón, el cual tenían que pulsar al detectar el estímulo visual. En relación al uso del términ tiempo de reacción, se constató la existencia de una confusión terminológica, debido a que en la mayoría de estudios la medición fue incorrecta por incluir la fase de tiempo de movimiento. De este modo, consideramos fundamental concienciar de la necesidad de un acuerdo unánime ante el término, lo que favorecerá, entre otros, el avance de la investigación del tiempo de reacción como aliado contra el envejecimiento cognitivo.

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