Revisión sistemática: comportamiento técnico-táctico en juegos reducidos en fútbol masculino

  1. Ángel Ferreira-Ruiz
  2. Francisco García-Banderas
  3. Ignacio Martín Tamayo
Revista:
Apunts: Educación física y deportes

ISSN: 2014-0983

Año de publicación: 2022

Número: 148

Páginas: 42-61

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Apunts: Educación física y deportes

Resumen

Los Juegos Reducidos o tareas Small-Sided Game (SSG) se han convertido en una herramienta muy utilizada por los entrenadores de fútbol y, sin embargo, existen pocos estudios de su influencia en el comportamiento técnico-táctico. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido la realización de una revisión de los comportamientos técnico-tácticos que aparecen en los principales formatos de tareas SSG. Siguiendo las indicaciones de la guía PRISMA (Preferred Reporting for Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis), se hizo una búsqueda en las bases de datos Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scopus, SportDiscus y Web of Science donde se obtuvieron 48 trabajos que han sido incluidos en la revisión al cumplir los requisitos preestablecidos. Estos han sido agrupados para su análisis en las siguientes categorías: 1. Interacciones desequilibradas; 2. Dimensiones del terreno de juego; 3. Edad de los participantes; 4. Número de participantes; 5. Modificación de reglas del juego, subagrupadas en: 5.1 Porterías; 5.2 Objetivo; 5.3 Número de toques. Los artículos incluidos se sometieron a una evaluación de la calidad metodológica y en todos ellos se obtuvo una puntuación buena o excelente. Esta evaluación fue realizada por dos investigadores y dio lugar a un índice de acuerdo mediante Kappa de Cohen de .96. Como conclusión, todas las modificaciones en los formatos de los SSG han conllevado la aparición de diferentes acciones por parte de los jugadores: la dispersión de jugadores en el campo, la aparición de ciertos comportamientos tácticos o el número y el tipo de acciones técnicas, entre las más importantes. Esta información puede ser muy útil para los entrenadores ya que pueden adecuar los formatos de SSG en referencia al objetivo perseguido en la tarea para conseguir la predominancia de aparición de ciertas acciones o para trabajar con una determinada carga condicional.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Abrantes, I., Nunes, I., Maças, M., Leite, M., & Sampaio, J. (2012). Effects of the Number of Players and Game Type Constraints on Heart Rate, Rating of Perceived Exertion, and Technical Actions of Small-Sided Soccer Games. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(4), 976-981. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31822dd398
  • Aguiar, M., Gonçalves, B., Botelho, G., Lemmink, K., & Sampaio, J. (2015). Footballers’ movement behaviour during 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-a-side small-sided games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(12), 1259–1266. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1022571
  • Almeida, C. H., Volossovitch, A., & Duarte, R. (2017). Influence of scoring mode and age group on passing actions during small-sided and conditioned soccer games. Human Movement, 18(5), 125–134. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2017.73621
  • Bach Padilha, M., Guilherme, J., Serra-Olivares, J., Roca, A., & Teoldo, I. (2017). The influence of floaters on players’ tactical behaviour in small-sided and conditioned soccer games. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 17(5), 721–736. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2017.1390723
  • Barnabé, L., Volossovitch, A., Duarte, R., Ferreira, A. P., & Davids, K. (2016). Age-related effects of practice experience on collective behaviours of football players in small-sided games. Human Movement Science, 48, 74–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2016.04.007
  • Borges, P. H., Andrade, M. O. C., Rechenchosky, L., da Costa, I. T., Teixeira, D., & Rinaldi, W. (2017). Desempenho tático, antropometria e capacidades físicas de jovens futebolistas: comparação entre diferentes grupos maturacionais. Journal of Physical Education , 28(1), e-2826. Retrieved from https://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/RevEducFis/article/view/30182
  • Brito, Â., Roriz, P., & Garganta, J. (2019a). Positioning and displacement patterns of young players during 5v5, 7v7, 9v9, and 11v11 soccer matches. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 15(4), 904–917. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.154.17
  • Brito E. S. R., Bredt, S. D. G. T., Greco, P. J., Clemente, F., Teoldo, I., & Praça, G. M. (2019b). Influence of limiting the number of ball touches on players’ tactical behaviour and network properties during football small-sided games. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 19(6), 999–1010. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2019.1689751
  • Castellano, J., Fernández, E., Echeazarra, I., Barreira, D., & Garganta, J. (2017). Influencia de la longitud del campo en los comportamientos inter e intra -equipo en jóvenes jugadores de fútbol. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 33(3), 486–496. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.33.3.271051
  • Chung, D., Carvalho, T., Casanova, F., & Silva, P. (2019). Number of players manipulation effect on space and concentration principles of the game representativeness during football small-sided and conditioned games. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 19(January), 381–386. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2019.s2057
  • Clemente, F., Castillo, D., & Los Arcos, A. (2020a). Tactical Analysis According to Age-level Groups during a 4 vs. 4 Plus Goalkeepers Small-sided Game. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051667
  • Clemente, F., Afonso, J., Castillo, D., Arcos, A. L., Silva, A. F., & Sarmento, H. (2020b). The effects of small-sided soccer games on tactical behavior and collective dynamics: A systematic review. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 134, 109710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2020.109710
  • Clemente, F., Chen, Y.-S., Bezerra, J. P., Guiomar, J., & Lima, R. (2018). Between-format differences and variability of technical actions during small-sided soccer games played by young players. Human Movement, 2018(5), 114–120. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2018.83103
  • Clemente, F., Wong, D. P., Martins, F. M. L., & Mendes, R. S. (2014). Acute Effects of the Number of Players and Scoring Method on Physiological, Physical, and Technical Performance in Small-sided Soccer Games. Research in Sports Medicine, 22(4), 380–397. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2014.951761
  • Cofano, G., Sannicandro, I., & Cofano, G. (2017). Small-Sided Games : Analysis of the Internal Load and Technical Skills in Young Soccer Players. International Journal of Science and Research. 6(March), 735–739. https://www.ijsr.net/archive/v6i3/ART20171583.pdf
  • da Costa, I. T., Garganta, J., Greco, P. J., Mesquita, I., & Seabra, A. (2010). Influence of Relative Age Effects and Quality of Tactical Behaviour in the Performance of Youth Soccer Players. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 10(2), 82–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2010.11868504
  • Coutinho, D., Gonçalves, B., Travassos, B., Abade, E., Wong, D. P., & Sampaio, J. (2019). Effects of pitch spatial references on players’ positioning and physical performances during football small-sided games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(7), 741–747. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1523671
  • Coutinho, D., Gonçalves, B., Travassos, B., Folgado, H., Figueira, B., & Sampaio, J. (2020). Different marks in the pitch constraint youth players’ performances during football small-sided games. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 91(1), 15-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2019.1645938
  • Folgado, H. (2010). Towards an Understanding of Youth Football Teams Tactical Performance by Analysis of Collective Positional Variables During Small-Sided Game. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Ciencias do Desporto. Universidade de Trás-os-montes e Alto Douro.
  • Folgado, H., Lemmink, K. A., Frencken, W., & Sampaio, J. (2014). Length, width and centroid distance as measures of teams tactical performance in youth football. European journal of sport science, 14(sup1), S487-S492. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2012.730060
  • Frencken, W., Van Der Plaats, J., Visscher, C., & Lemmink, K. (2013). Size matters: Pitch dimensions constrain interactive team behaviour in soccer. Journal of Systems Science and Complexity, 26(1), 85–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-013-2284-1
  • García‐Angulo, A., Palao, J. M., Giménez‐Egido, J. M., García‐Angulo, F. J., & Ortega‐Toro, E. (2020). Effect of the Modification of the Number of Players, the Size of the Goal, and the Size of the Field in Competition on the Play Actions in U-12 Male Football. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020518
  • García, J. D. C., Refoyo-Román, I., Calleja-González, J., & Dellal, A. (2014). Quantification and Analysis of Offensive Situations in Different Formats of Sided Games in Soccer. Journal of Human Kinetics, 44(1), 193–201. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2014-0125
  • Gollin, M., Alfero, S., & Daga, A. (2016). Manipulation of Playing Field’s Length / Width Ratio and Neutral Players’ Positioning: Activity Profile and Motor Behavior Demands during Positional Possession Soccer Small Sided Games in Young Elite Soccer Players. International Journal of Sports Science, 6(3), 106–115. http://article.sapub.org/10.5923.j.sports.20160603.07.html
  • Gonçalves, B., Marcelino, R., Torres-Ronda, L., Torrents, C., & Sampaio, J. (2016). Effects of emphasising opposition and cooperation on collective movement behaviour during football small-sided games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(14), 1346–1354. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1143111
  • Gonet, D. T., Bezerra, L. O., dos Reis, M. A. M., & Vasconcellos, F. V. do A. (2020). Effect of small-sided games with manipulation of small targets on the perceived exertion and tactical and technical performance of college soccer players. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano, 22. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1980-00372020000100301&nrm=iso
  • González-Víllora, S., Clemente, F. M., Martins, F. M. L., & Pastor-Vicedo, J. C. (2017). Effects of regular and conditioned small-sided games on young football players’ heart rate responses, technical performance and network structure. 18 (5) special/issue: 135-145. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2017.73618
  • Liberati, A., Altman, D. G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P. C., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Clarke, M., Devereaux, P. J., Kleijnen, J., & Moher, D. (2009). The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration. PLOS Medicine, 6(7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100
  • Lizana, C. J. R., Reverdito, R. S., Brenzikofer, R., Vaz Macedo, D., Misuta, M. S., & Scaglia, A. J. (2015). Technical and tactical soccer players’ performance in conceptual small-sided games. Motriz: Revista de Educação Fisica, 21(3), 312–320. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-65742015000300013
  • Machado, J. C., Ribeiro, J., Palheta, C. E., Alcântara, C., Barreira, D., Guilherme, J., Garganta, J., & Scaglia, A. J. (2019). Changing Rules and Configurations During Soccer Small-Sided and Conditioned Games. How Does It Impact Teams’ Tactical Behavior? Frontiers in Psychology, 10(JULY). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01554
  • Martone, D., Giacobbe, M., Capobianco, A., Imperlini, E., Mancini, A., Capasso, M., Buono, P., Orrù, S. (2017) Exercise Intensity and Technical Demands of Small-Sided Soccer Games for Under-12 and Under-14 Players: Effect of Area per Player, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research: June 2017 - Volume 31 - Issue 6 - p 1486-1492. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001615
  • Moreira, P. E. D., Barbosa, G. F., Murta, C. D. C. F., Pérez Morales, J. C., Bredt, S. D. G. T., Praça, G. M., & Greco, P. J. (2020). Network analysis and tactical behaviour in soccer small-sided and conditioned games: influence of absolute and relative playing areas on different age categories. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 20(1), 64–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2019.1705642
  • Navarro-Adelantado, V. (2002). El afán de jugar: teoría y práctica de los juegos motores (Vol. 24). INDE
  • Nunes, N. A., Gonçalves, B., Coutinho, D., & Travassos, B. (2020a). How Numerical Unbalance Constraints Physical and Tactical Individual Demands of Ball Possession Small-Sided Soccer Games. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(July). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01464
  • Nunes, N. A., Gonçalves, B., Davids, K., Esteves, P., & Travassos, B. (2020b). How manipulation of playing area dimensions in ball possession games constrains physical effort and technical actions in under-11, under-15 and under-23 soccer players. Research in Sports Medicine, 00(00), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2020.1770760
  • Olthof, S. B. H., Frencken, W. G. P., & Lemmink, K. A. P. M. (2015). The older, the wider: On-field tactical behavior of elite-standard youth soccer players in small-sided games. Human Movement Science, 41, 92–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2015.02.004
  • Olthof, S. B. H., Frencken, W. G. P., & Lemmink, K. A. P. M. (2018). Match-derived relative pitch area changes the physical and team tactical performance of elite soccer players in small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(14), 1557–1563. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1403412
  • Ometto, L., Vasconcellos, F. V. A., Cunha, F. A., Teoldo, I., Souza, C. R. B., Dutra, M. B., O’Sullivan, M., & Davids, K. (2018). How manipulating task constraints in small-sided and conditioned games shapes emergence of individual and collective tactical behaviours in football: A systematic review. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 13(6), 1200–1214. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954118769183
  • Parlebas, P. (2020). The Universals of Games and Sports. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 593877. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.593877
  • Pons, E., Martín-Garcia, A., Guitart, M., Guerrero, I., Tarragó, J.R., Seirul·lo, F., Cos, F. (2020). Training in Team Sports: Optimising Training at FCB. Apunts Educación Física y Deportes, 142, 55-66. https://doi.org/10.5672/apunts.2014-0983.es.(2020/4).142.07
  • Praça, G. M., Sousa, R. B., Bredt, S. da G. T., Clemente, F. M., Teoldo, I., Castro, H. de O., Costa, G. D. C. T., & Moreira, P. E. D. (2018). Interações defensivas em pequenos jogos no futebol: uma abordagem integrada dos princípios táticos fundamentais e da social network analysis. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 20(5), 422–431. https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2018v20n5p422
  • Praça, G. M., Costa, C. L. A., Costa, F. F., de Andrade, A. G. P., Chagas, M. H., & Greco, J. P. (2016). Tactical behavior in soccer small-sided games: influence of tactical knowledge and numerical superiority. Journal of Physical Education (Maringa), 27(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4025/jphyseduc.v27i1.2736
  • Práxedes, A., A. Moreno, J. Sevil, D. Pizarro, and F. Del Villar. (2016). “Effect of Equal and Unequal Numbers of Players in Small-Sided Football Games on Tactical Performance in Young Players.” Journal of Sport Pedagogy and Research 2 (1): 22–29. http://www.ipg.pt/scpd/files/JSPR_2_1.pdf
  • Reis, M. A. M. D., & Almeida, M. B. (2020). The role of somatic maturation in the tactical effectiveness, efficiency and variability of young soccer players. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 20(2), 305–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2020.1743165
  • Ric, A., Hristovski, R., Gonçalves, B., Torres, L., Sampaio, J., & Torrents, C. (2016). Timescales for exploratory tactical behaviour in football small-sided games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(18), 1723–1730. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1136068
  • Ros, V. L., & Oliva, F. J. C. (2005). La enseñanza integrada técnico-táctica de los deportes en edad escolar. Explicación y bases de un modelo. Apunts Educación física y deportes, (79), 40-48.
  • Sampaio, J. E., Lago, C., Gonçalves, B., Maçãs, V. M., & Leite, N. (2014). Effects of pacing, status and unbalance in time motion variables, heart rate and tactical behaviour when playing 5-a-side football small-sided games. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 17(2), 229–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2013.04.005
  • Sarmento, H., Clemente, F. M., Harper, L. D., da Costa, I. T., Owen, A., & Figueiredo, A. J. (2018). Small sided games in soccer–a systematic review. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 18(5), 693–749. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2018.1517288
  • Serra-Olivares, J., González-Víllora, S., & García-López, L. M. (2015). Effects of modification of task constraints in 3-versus-3 small-sided soccer games. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 37(2), 119–129.
  • Silva, B., Garganta, J., Santos, R., & Teoldo, I. (2014). Comparing Tactical Behaviour of Soccer Players in 3 vs. 3 and 6 vs. 6 Small-Sided Games. Journal of Human Kinetics, 41(1), 191–202. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2014-0047
  • Silva, P., Esteves, P., Correia, V., Davids, K., Araújo, D., & Garganta, J. (2015). Effects of manipulations of player numbers vs. field dimensions on inter-individual coordination during small-sided games in youth football. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 15(2), 641–659. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2015.11868821
  • Silva, P., Vilar, L., Davids, K., Araújo, D., & Garganta, J. (2016). Sports teams as complex adaptive systems: manipulating player numbers shapes behaviours during football small-sided games. SpringerPlus, 5(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-1813-5
  • Torreblanca-Martínez, V., Cordero-Ojeda, R., & González-Jurado, J. A. (2018). Análisis de variables condicionales y técnico-tácticas mediante juegos reducidos en futbolistas semiprofesionales (Analysis of physical and technical-tactical demands through small-sided games in semi-professional football players). Retos, 2041(35), 87–90. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i35.59448
  • Torrents C, Ric A, Hristovski R, Torres-Ronda L, Vicente E, Sampaio J (2016) Emergence of Exploratory, Technical and Tactical Behavior in Small-Sided Soccer Games when Manipulating the Number of Teammates and Opponents. PLoS ONE 11(12): e0168866. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168866
  • Travassos, B., Vilar, L., Araújo, D., & McGarry, T. (2014). Tactical performance changes with equal vs unequal numbers of players in small-sided football games. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 14(2), 594–605. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2014.11868745
  • Vilar, L., Duarte, R., Silva, P., Chow, J. Y., & Davids, K. (2014). The influence of pitch dimensions on performance during small-sided and conditioned soccer games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 32(19), 1751–1759. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.918640
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet