Differential analysis of executive functions in children from disadvantaged families vs. children with autistic spectrum disorder

  1. Gómez-Pérez, María del Mar 1
  2. Calero, M. Dolores 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Granada
    info

    Universidad de Granada

    Granada, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04njjy449

Revista:
Anales de psicología

ISSN: 0212-9728,  1695-2294

Año de publicación: 2020

Título del ejemplar: January - April

Volumen: 36

Número: 1

Páginas: 102-110

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.6018/ANALESPS.326531 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDIGITUM editor

Otras publicaciones en: Anales de psicología

Resumen

Las Funciones Ejecutivas (EF) se consideran necesarias para afrontar nuevas situaciones y para controlar la propia conducta. Estudios han confirmado dificultades en las FE en niños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (ASD) y en niños de familias desfavorecidas (DF). Este estudio pretende examinar las dificultades en EF en las dos poblaciones –ASD and DF children- con respecto a las EF en niños que muestran un desarrollo típico (TD). Un total de 89 niños de edades comprendidas entre los 7 y 12 años, divididos en tres grupos, participaron en el estudio: 28 con ASD, 36 de DF y 25 con TD. La evaluación se realizó con diferentes medidas de EF (atención ejecutiva, flexibilidad cognitive, inhibición y memoria de trabajo) y en coherencia central. En general, los niños de DF obtuvieron las menores puntuaciones en todas las medidas, aunque las diferencias no fueron significativas respecto a los otros grupos en todos los casos. Los niños con ASD obtuvieron puntuaciones similares al grupo TD en atención ejecutiva y memoria de trabajo, y mayores puntuaciones en coherencia central. En comparación con los niños de DF, los niños con TEA obtuvieron un desempeño mayor en todas las medidas. Estos resultados indicarían entonces, que los programas de intervención diseñados para cada uno de los grupos deben centrarse en diferentes tipos de tareas.

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Información de financiación

Funding: This work was supported by Andalusian Regional Government (Junta de Andalucía), Proyecto de Excelencia convocatoria 2012 [Grant, P12-SEJ-560].

Financiadores

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