Efecto de la dieta sin gluten en el estado nutricional de personas con enfermedad celiaca.

Résumé

Celiac disease is a systemic autoimmune disorder caused by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. The only existing treatment for celiac disease is a lifelong gluten-free diet. The nutritional status of celiac children, adolescents and adults of both sexes with an age range of 4-59 years following a long-term gluten-free diet was evaluated in comparison with a control group of population without the disease, assessing energy and nutrient intake, dietary habits, anthropometric measurements, bone mineral density, biochemical parameters and, in a small sample of adult women, species of interest of the intestinal microbiota. The results indicate that nutritional deficiencies persist in the diets of celiac individuals following a gluten-free diet. However, it is observed that celiacs manage to match their diets to those of the general population in the contribution of macronutrients to total energy, similarly failing to comply with nutritional recommendations. In the results of the anthropometric analysis, bone mineral density, biochemical parameters and intestinal microbiota, no risk situations were observed in relation to celiac disease, although different patterns were observed between populations (children, adolescents, adults) and when dividing the sample by sex