Hidratación triatletas: nuevas alternativas

Zusammenfassung

In endurance events, triathlon athletes require an adequate hydration strategy to avoid negative effects on muscle performance, muscle and systemic inflammation. Seawater intake may be a suitable hydration alternative in endurance events. The objective was to evaluate the effect of buffered seawater in triathletes on markers of inflammation. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover experimental study was conducted, evaluating markers of inflammation, anthropometric measures, lactate, hemoglobin, hematocrit, VO2, before and after competition, in 15 volunteer athletes, randomly assigned to a control group, a placebo group and an experimental group with buffered electrolyte salts seawater (QUINTON HYPERTONIC 30 AB, Laboratories Quinton, France). Biomarkers were analyzed with the Human Myokine Magnetic Bead Panel (HMYOMAG-56K). The results showed that apelin increased in experimental seawater group (SG) vs baseline group (BG) (p < 0.001), between groups, the increase in SG vs control group (CG) and placebo group (PG) was significant (p < 0.001); BDNF increased in OS vs CG (p = 0.015); FABP3 increased in CG (p < 0.001), OS (p < 0.001) and PG (p < 0.001) vs BG; FGF21 increased in all vs BG, but was only significant in OS (p = 0.016). In IL-6, OS increased (p < 0.001) vs BG, PG and GC were unchanged; IL-6 between groups, the difference between OS vs GC and OS vs PG (p < 0.001) was significant; IL-15 increased in OS (p < 0.001) and PG (p = 0.011) vs BG; LIF decreased in GC (p = 0.042). In conclusion, acute consumption of SW as a hydration strategy has no significant ergogenic effect on triathletes. However, the significant increase in IL-6 and Apelin strengthens the theory of an increase in acute myokine stress to increase mitochondrial biogenesis and recovery in athletes.